________ can occur between different populations of the same species if individuals migrate.
New cards
2
Stanley Miller
________ and Harold Urey simulated the conditions of primitive Earth in a laboratory.
New cards
3
Charts
________ called phylogenetic trees, or cladograms, are used to study relationships between organisms.
New cards
4
extreme traits
Stabilizing selection means that organisms in a population with ________ are eliminated.
New cards
5
Evolution
________ is a change in a population over time.
New cards
6
Natural selection
________ is defined in terms of populations but occurs in terms of individuals.
New cards
7
Fitness varies
________ based on biotic and abiotic factors; different genetic variations can be selected for in different generations.
New cards
8
Evolutionary fitness
________ is measured by reproductive success.
New cards
9
Convergent evolution
________ is the process by which two unrelated and dissimilar species come to have similar traits, often because they have been exposed to similar selective pressures.
New cards
10
Cladograms
________ are often drawn with even spacing between species, but phylogenetic trees are often drawn with different distances between species and as a result they look more like a tree with uneven branches.
New cards
11
Biotic
________ and abiotic factors can affect the direction of evolution.
New cards
12
Morphological homologies
________, or the study of the anatomy of various animals: scientists discovered that some animals have similar structures that serve different functions.
New cards
13
Divergent evolution
________ that occurs quickly after a period of stasis is called punctuated equilibrium.
New cards
14
fittest offspring
The ________, or those with the most favorable traits, are the most likely to survive and therefore produce a second generation.
New cards
15
next generation
As long as a mutation does not kill an organism before it reproduces it may be passed on to the ________.
New cards
16
Hardy Weinberg law
The ________ states that even with all the shuffling of genes that goes on, the relative frequencies of genotypes in a population are constant over time.
New cards
17
environmental impact
If the population is small, the population will be more susceptible to random ________ than if the population is large.
New cards
18
post zygotic barrier
A(n) ________ is related to the inability of a hybrid organism to produce offspring.
New cards
19
genetic equilibrium
If mutations are present in a population, new alleles will be introduced into the population and hence ________ will be disturbed.
New cards
20
Survival
________ of the fittest is the name of the game, and any trait that causes an individual to reproduce better gives that individual evolutionary fitness.
New cards
21
Allopatric speciation
________ simply means that a population becomes separated from the rest of the species by a geographic barrier so the two populations cant interbreed.
New cards
22
original life form
Some ________ is the common ancestor to all life.
New cards
23
Genetic drift
________ is something that causes a change in the genetics of a population, but it is not natural selection.
New cards
24
Molecular Biology
________: The most compelling proof of all is the similarity at the molecular level.
New cards
25
Genetic variation
________ is the very foundation of evolution.
New cards
26
Phylogenetic trees
________ are built using data from the fossil record or molecular record.
New cards
27
Natural selection
________ requires genetic variation and an environmental pressure.
New cards
28
Natural selection
________ occurs only if some individuals have more evolutionary fitness and can be selected.
New cards
29
natural selection
If there is ________, organisms better adapted to their environment will be more likely to survive and reproduce, and thus their alleles will be preferentially propagated to the next generation.
New cards
30
Paleontology
paleontology revealed the various organisms and the major lines of evolution
New cards
31
Biogeography, or the study of the distribution of flora (plants) and fauna (animals) in the environment
scientists found related species in widely separated regions of the world
New cards
32
Embryology, or the study of development of an organism
All the vertebrates-including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and even mammals such as humans-show fishlike features called gill slits
New cards
33
Morphological homologies, or the study of the anatomy of various animals
scientists discovered that some animals have similar structures that serve different functions
New cards
34
Molecular Biology
The most compelling proof of all is the similarity at the molecular level
Studied by 2451 people
