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don’t need to answer: you must include these two things in the method
Wear appropriate ppe included but not limited to safety goggles, lab coat and enclosed shoes
Obtain all equipment required and ensure that the equipment is functional and sterilised to improve the accuracy of the experiment.
what is a substrate - enzyme complex
when enzymes fit together on an active site
what is an active site?
only place the enzyme can fit
what is a catalyst?
a substance that accelerates chemical reactions but remains unchanged, can be reused again
what are enzymes?
enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up rates of reaction.
what is the function of enzymes?
enzymes change the rate of reactions by bonding to the substrates and either breaking it down or combining it with other substrates to form a product
Some reactions occur too slowly for cells to survive. Therefore, enzymes are vital to the survival of many cells and the organisms that these cells make up.
what are the bubbles representative of?
enzyme activity
what is the aim of substrate concentration experiment?
to perform an experiment examining the effects of substrate concentration on enzyme activity
write a hypothesis
If the substrate concentration increases, then there will be a continual increase until the saturation point is reached
Independent variable
substrate concentration
dependent variables
height of bubble formation
controlled variables
size of liver
type of liver
amount of hydrogen peroxide
width of test tube
amount of laundry detergent
lock and key model
explains the specificity of enzymes.
the active site is an exact fit for the substrate.
the substrate must be complementary to the active site as this is where it binds
induced fit model
the substrate and enzyme bind at the active site
states that the substrate changes shape to fit the active site
the enzyme will return to its original shape
what is the relationship between substrate concentration and enzymes?
linear relationship. As substrate concentration increases a rapid increase in reaction rate is present. more substrate molecules means there is a greater chance of collision
a more concentrated solution…
has more substrate molecules
what is substrate concentration
refers to the amount or concentration of substrate molecules that will attach itself onto an active site
what is saturation point?
when all active sites are full. an increase in concentration will not effect enzyme activity
outside of optimal range what will happen to enzymes
enzymes will denature
what is the catalse?
chicken liver
define reliability and how it can be improved
the consistency of results within an experiment. can be improved through the conduction of various trials and obtaining an average
define validity and how it can be improved
if it tests what is meant to test. having various controls and having only one independent and dependent variables
Note 
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