AP HUG CHAPTER 1

Proportional Symbol Map

Symbol used to depict variation in density of the variable being mapped

Dot Distribution Map

Symbol used to depict variation in density of the variable being mapped

Choropleth Map

Applies distinctive colors to represent different quantities or densities.

Cartogram Map

Area is shown accurately but directions and shapes are distorted toward the edges.

Isoline

Show lines that connect points of equal value. Crossing lines means going up or down on surface.

Absolute Location

Precise Location of something (latitude and longitude, or street address)

Relative Location

The location of something in relation to something else (Shoprite is next to Livingston Bagel)

Space

The actual distance it takes to get from one place to another (straight to it)

Place

Unique characteristics that define what a certain area is (town center, LHS, Bagels, Pizza)

Placelessness

No unique features

Time Space Compression

Set of processes that cause relative distances between places to change (time/cost)

Distance Decay

Further you are from somewhere -> less information you have

Pattern

How things placed on Earth,

arranged in grid pattern,

easier to find

Scale

Scale is the relationship of the size of a map to the amount of area it represents on Earth

Large Scale

ZOOMING IN: Less area shown with more detail

Small Scale

ZOOMING OUT: More area shown with less detail

Scale of Analysis

Level at which data is displayed on a map (Global, Regional, National, Local)

Global Scale

World at one level of data (not very useful)

Regional Scale

Shows data by continents of world regions

National Scale

Shows data for one or more countries

Local Scale

Shows data at a subnational level (50 states within the US)

Region

Areas where the vast majority of the people share a common characteristic

Formal Regions

Designated by official boundaries (cities, states, counties, countries)

Functional Regions

Defined by connections. Functional regions (cnn, tv, airport, New York Times, radio)

Vernacular Regions

Perceived Regions (The South, The Midwest, The Middle East)