APWH chap 4 vocab

Chabi

She was the wife of Kubilai Khan, supported Buddhism in China, and showed that Mongol women refused to follow China’s strict social rules of Chinese culture.

Romance of the West Chamber

A Chinese play written during the Yuan dynasty, showing that China’s literature remained lively even under Mongol rule.

White Lotus Society

They were a secret religious group in China that aimed to overthrow the Yuan dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang

This was the name of the Hongwu emperor who founded the Ming dynasty.

Ming Dynasty

This dynasty replaced the Yuan dynasty in 1368, ruling China until 1644, and shifted from overseas trade expeditions to focusing on developing China internally.

Hongwu

Hongwu, originally a peasant named Zhu Yuanzhang, became the first Ming emperor in 1368. Removed Mongol influence, and he brought back the scholar-gentry class.

foot-binding

A Chinese practice of tightly binding women’s feet to keep them small, causing pain and limiting their movement.

bushi

Regional warrior leaders (warlords) in Japan who controlled small kingdoms, managed laws, public projects, and taxes.

samurai

Warriors in Japan who served bushi (regional warlords) rather than the emperor.

seppuku

This was a ritual suicide in Japan, also called harakiri, done to show bravery and restore family honor.

Taira

A powerful Japanese family in the 12th-1300s who fought the Minamoto family but were defeated after the Gempei Wars.

Minamoto

This family defeated the Taira in the Gempei Wars and set up a military government (bakufu) in 12th-century Japan.

Chams

Indian-influenced rivals of the Vietnamese who were pushed into the highlands by Vietnam’s southward expansion.

Gempei Wars

A 5-year war on Honshu (an island) between the Taira and Minamoto families that ended with a victory for the Minamoto.

bakufu

A military government that the Minamoto set up after the Gempei Wars, based in Kamakura, where the emperor remained, but the real power was with the samurai leaders.

Hojo

A warrior family allied with the Minamoto who controlled the Kamakura government by influencing Minamoto rulers who ruled in the emperor’s name. (The emperor lived in Kyoto)

Ashikaga Takuaji

A member of the Minamoto family who overthrew the Kamakura government, started the Ashikaga shogunate, which ruled from 1336 to 1573, and forced the emperor to move from Kyoto to Yoshino.

Ashikaga shogunate

A government replacing the Kamakura government, ruling Japan from 1336 to 1573.

Khmers

Indian-influenced rivals of the Vietnamese who moved into the Mekong River delta during Vietnam’s southward expansion.