US History Test Post Civil War to Reconstruction

What was the Missouri Compromise?

It maintained balance of free/slave states and drew a line at 36°30′.

What did the Compromise of 1850 achieve?

California entered as a free state and the Fugitive Slave Act was passed.

What was a significant outcome of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?

It introduced popular sovereignty and led to 'Bleeding Kansas'.

What was determined in the Dred Scott Decision of 1857?

African Americans were ruled not to be citizens and the Missouri Compromise was declared unconstitutional.

What was the aim of John Brown’s Raid in 1859?

To incite a slave revolt and inflame tensions.

What event led to the secession of Southern states in 1860?

The election of Abraham Lincoln.

What was the First Battle of Bull Run known for?

It was the first major battle of the Civil War and resulted in a Confederate victory, proving the war would be long and costly.

What was significant about the Battle of Antietam in 1862?

It was the bloodiest single-day battle, a Union strategic victory, and led to the Emancipation Proclamation.

What happened at Gettysburg in 1863?

It was a turning point in the war, marked by a major Union victory where Lee was forced to retreat.

What did Sherman’s March in 1864 demonstrate?

It exemplified 'total war' strategy through Georgia, aimed at demoralizing the South.

What occurred at Appomattox in 1865?

General Lee surrendered to General Grant, marking the end of major fighting.

What was the Union's goal during the Civil War?

To preserve the Union and later abolish slavery.

What was the Confederacy's main strategy during the Civil War?

To conduct a defensive war and seek foreign support.

What were the advantages of the Union compared to the Confederacy?

The Union had more people, industry, railroads, and a stronger navy.

What significant speech did Lincoln give during his first Inaugural Address?

He reassured the South he wouldn’t abolish slavery where it existed and emphasized preserving the union.

What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?

To free slaves in rebelling states and shift the war goal to a moral cause.

What did the Reconstruction Amendments include?

The 13th Amendment abolished slavery, the 14th guaranteed citizenship and equal protection, and the 15th granted voting rights for African American men.

What was the Wade-Davis Bill?

It required 50% loyalty from voters for Southern states to be readmitted, offering harsher terms than Lincoln's approach.

What were BLACK CODES?

Laws that limited the rights of freedmen and aimed to restore slavery-like conditions.

What was the result of the Compromise of 1877?

Hayed became president in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops, effectively ending Reconstruction.

What was the impact of Reconstruction according to Eric Foner?

It was a 'Splendid Failure' with grand goals but limited long-term impact.

What were Carpetbaggers and Scalawags?

Carpetbaggers were Northerners who moved South post-war seen as opportunists, while Scalawags were Southern Republicans seen as traitors.