Sexually Transmitted Disease
Increasing worldwide incidence
Common causative agents include bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi
Gonorrhea
Syphillis
Chancroid
Genital Herpes
HIV
HPV
Trichomoniasis
Pubic Lice
Example of STI
1/76
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
Sexually Transmitted Disease
Increasing worldwide incidence
Common causative agents include bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi
Gonorrhea
Syphillis
Chancroid
Genital Herpes
HIV
HPV
Trichomoniasis
Pubic Lice
Example of STI
unprotected sex
Multiple partners
Rape
Blood Transfusion
Inadequate screening
What are the risk factors in STI
Unprotected sex (oral, vaginal, anal)
Skin to skin contact with genital area
Blood transfusion
Perinatal transmission thru transplacental transferor
Vertical transmission
Mode of transmission of STI
Neiserria Gonorrhea
Haemophilus ducreyi
Treponema Pallidum
Chlamydia trachomatis
Examples of bacteria in STI:
HIV
Herpes Simplex virus
Human papillomavirus
Hepatitis viruses
Zika virus
Examples of Virals in STI:
Candida Albicans
Example of Fungal:
Trichomonas Vaginalis
An example of Protozoa in STI
Phthirus pubis
An example of Parasite in STI:
Neisseria Gonorrhea
This bacteria is responsible for Gonorrhea Disease
Haemophilus Duceyri
Responsible for Chancroid Disease
Treponema pallidum
Responsible for Syphillis
Chlamydia trachomatis
Responsible for Lymphogranuloma venerum disease
HIV
Responsible for AIDS
Herpes Simplex Virus
Responsible for Genital/Perianal Herpes Disease
Human Papillomavirus
Is responsible for Condylomata acuminata disease
Hepatitis Viruses
Responsible for Hepatitis
Zika Virus
Responsible for Zika fever
Candida albicans
Is responsible for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Darfield microscopy
Used in diagnosing syphilis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Responsible for Trichomoniasis Disease
Phthirus Pubis
Responsible for Pediculusis Pubis Disease
Serology
Used in diagnosing VDRL-RPR and FTA—ABS.
Papanicolao smear
Used in diagnosing HPV
Virus isolation and PCR
Used in diagnosing Herpes and HIV
Tzank smear
This diagnosing technique’s positive test is Gian Cell Formation wherein is also called as the Cowdry type A inclusion.
Benzathine Penicillin
Treatment for Syphillis
Ceftriaxone + Doxycycline
Treatment for Gonorrhea
Acyclovir
Treatment for Herpes
Warts removal , Vaccines
Treatment for HPV
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAAART)
Treatment for HIV
Condoms and safe sex
Avoid sharing needles/razor
Vaccination (HPV, Hepatitis B)
Public education
Prevention and control in STI
Chancre
Chancroid
Genital Herpes
Ulcerative Lessions Manifestation:
Chancre
First Syphillitic lesion
Painless
Hard Papule
Well delineated ulcer
Chancroid
Is a painful ulcer with ragged edges
Genital Herpes
Starts as Vesicles (fluid-filled lession) after it ruptures then It is called as ULCER.
Rashes
2nd syphilitic lesion (macular, papular, or pustular in palms and soles)
Other disease associated: Gonorrhea and Candidiasis
Warty Lessions
Characteristic of Condylomata Acuminata and Molluscum Contagiosum.
Condylomata Latum
painless, wart-like lession
Vaginal Discharge
Accompanied by dysuria, dyspareunia and vulvar irritation
T. Vaginalis
Responsible for thin, foamy, foul smelling discharge
N. Gonorrhea
Responsible for greenish, purulent discharge
C. Albicans
Responsible for thick, cheesy exudates (milk curd like appearance) diascharge
Syphillis
Third most common sexually transmitted disease
Caused by T.pallidum, spirochete with fine regular coils with tapered ends.
Strict human pathogens and sensitive organs
Cannot be grown in cell-free culture medium.
Primary syphillis
Highly infectious stage; (+) isolates on ulcers
1st lesion, chancre, CNS involvement
Ulcer spontaneously heals but continues to disseminate to blood and lymphatics - 2* syphilis
Secondary Syphillis
flu-like symptoms, lymphadenopathy, generalized mucocutaneus rash (condyloma latum- highly contagious)
Latent Syphyllis
Clinically inactive phase or asymptomatic
May reactivate to 2* or 3* syphilis
Tertiary (late) syphillis
Granulomatous skin lesion (Gummas) in bones and tissues; Aortic aneurysm; Neurosyphilis
Early Congenital Syphillis
Right after birth
Snuffles, rash, Condylomata and hepatosplenomegaly
Late Congenital Syphillis
8th nerve deafness w/ bone and teeth deformities (e.g. saddle nose, saber shins, Hutchington’s teeth and Mulberry or Moon’s molars)
Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)
is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the invasive serovars L1, L2, L2a, L2b, or L3 of Chlamydia trachomatis.
2 forms: Elementary Bodies and Reticulate Bodies
Non-gonoccocal urethritis, cervicitis, PID
Serotypes D to K of LGV
Chlamydia Trachomatis
what intracellular bacteria is responsible for Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)( is primarily an infection of lymphatics and lymph nodes. )
L1
Less common than L2, associated with classic LGV
L2
Most prevalent serotype globally, includes several variants (L2a, L2b, L2c)
L2b
Particularly notable for causing proctitis outbreaks among men who have sex with men
Urogenital Tract Infections
Asymptomatic> symptomatic > inflammation
Bacteria : E. Colli
LGV 1st lesion
Papila or ulcer (small, painless and heals rapidly)
LGV 2nd lesion
Enlarged lymph nodes [painful(buboes) and ruptures (draining fistula)]
Haemophilus Duceyri
gram-negative coccobacillus
Responsible for Chancroid disease
Blood-loving
Haemophilus means
HSV type 2
Is responsible for Genital Herpes.
HSV Type 2
A type of HSV for Genital Herpes
HSV Type 1
A type of HSV for Herpes Labialis
HSV type 1 or 2
A type of HSV for neonatal herpes
Primary Syphillis
Treponema palladium
10-90 incubation days
Slightly tender pop that ulcerates over one to several weeks
Darfield exam of exudate from Chancre;serologic tests
Secondary syphilis with mucocutaneous lessions
Treatment
Benzathine penicillin G
Doxycycline (if allergic to penicillin)
Genital Herpes
herpes simplex virus
2 to 7 incubation days
Marked pain in genital area: Papules in 3-6 days; fever, headache, malaise and inguinal adenopathy
Virus culture of cells and fluid from Chancre nucleic acid amplification tests
Recurrent genital herpes
Treatment
Acyclovir
Famicyclovir
Valacyclovir
Chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi
3-5 incubation days
Tender papule that ulcerated
Culture in at least two kinds of enrich media with vancomycin
Inguinal Bubo
Treatments
Ceftriaxone
Azithromycin
Erythromycin
Ciproflaxin
Condylomata Papillomavirus
These warts typically appear in the genital or anal area, and while usually benign, they can cause itching, burning, or discomfort.
It’s classic HPV types are 6 and 11
“Genital Warts”
HPV 16 and 18
Types of HPV under condylomata accuminata that is capable of transforming into malignancy associated with cervical and penile cancer.
Envelope glycoprotein (gp120)
This binds to the CD4 receptor
Envelope glycoprotein (gp41)
This facilitates absorption
1-10 years
How many incubation period of AIDS
Flu-like symptoms, chronic diarrhea, generalized lymphadenopathy
Initial symptoms of AIDS:
Hairy cell oral leukoplakia
a condition triggered by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBP).
It happens most often in people whose immune systems are very weak.
It is most often seen in people with HIV.
The condition causes white patches on the tongue.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Hallmark of AIDS (especially in early stages)
Pneumocystis Jirovecii
A soft tissue cancer, mostly effects are pneumonias