Lecture Review Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes.

Carbohydrate-digesting enzymes

Breaks down carbohydrates into smaller molecules.

pH Homeostasis Regulator

Helps regulate pH levels in the body

Neutral pH

A pH of 7

Aldosterone

Causes the reabsorption of water in the distal convoluted tubule.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

Causes the reabsorption of water in the collecting duct.

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Most absorption of fluid occurs here

EPO (Erythropoietin)

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate red blood cell production.

Polyuria

Excessive amount of urine production.

Anuria

No urine production.

Hematuria

Blood in the urine.

Liver

Synthesizes bile.

Gallbladder

Stores and concentrates bile.

Reabsorption

Moves materials from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Activation

Increases fluid reabsorption, blood volume, and blood pressure.

Peristalsis

The movement of food through the GI system.

Vasodilation

Cools the body off.

Vasoconstriction

Increases the body temperature.

Calcium is required for

Bones, teeth, and muscle contraction

Foods high in folic acid

Greens and Liver

Aerobic Phase of Glucose Metabolism

Occurs in the mitochondria.

Anaerobic Phase of Glucose Metabolism

Occurs in the cytoplasm.

Cellular Catabolism yields

Glucose + Oxygen -> ATP + Water + Carbon Dioxide

Vitamin K

Vitamin used for blood clotting

Examples of Simple Sugars

Fruits, orange juice, grapes, strawberries, etc.