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Affirmative Action
the practice of positively considering the nonwhite race and female gender for hiring and college admissions.
Applicative Justice
the process of extending justice already applied to some people, to new groups or individuals.
Cultural Intolerance
hostility toward a group because its members refuse to conform to the established beliefs and practices of a society.
Intrinsic Racism
people who differentiate morally between members of different races because they believe that each race has a different moral status, quite independent of the moral characteristics entailed by its racial essence
Extrinsic Racism
extrinsic racists make moral distinctions between members of different races because
they believe that the racial essence entails certain morally relevant qualities
IQ Test
an assessment of intelligence in terms of an intelligence quotient, including tests of reasoning, knowledge, mental processing speed, and spatial awareness
Colorism
discrimination based on skin color; color consciousness recognizes the ways in which skin color & other superficial features of individuals adversely & unfairly affect their life chances, & that race is a fiction that often functions as scientific fact in the identification of individuals.
Color Blindness
the principle that it is never permissible to consider a person’s race in employment (or
school admissions and electoral regulations) decisions, not even if the goal is to remedy racial injustice
ACE Gene
the gene that is most heavily studied in relation to endurance sport encodes a protein called angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Anti-Semitism
discrimination against those who identify as or are perceived as Jewish, where Jewishness is a type of ethnic and cultural grouping with an unusual history of millennia of persecution, multiple diasporas, and forced migrations around Europe and beyond.
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