Volcanoes

4.5(10)
studied byStudied by 300 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/28

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

29 Terms

1
New cards

Magma

Molten rock beneath the earth's surface.

2
New cards

Heat, Pressure, Water Content

Three factors that affect the formation of magma.

3
New cards

Friction, Mantle

Sources of heat that melt rocks are ______ heat from lithospheric slabs, and the lower _______ rising.

4
New cards

Raise

Does pressure raise or lower a rock's melting point?

5
New cards

Decompression

Melting due to a decrease in pressure is known as ______ melting.

6
New cards

Hot Spots

Volcanoes can form at divergent and convergent boundaries, as well as "______ ______" above the crust.

7
New cards

Lower

Does water contained in rock lower or raise the melting point?

8
New cards

Oceanic Plates

Water gets deep within the mantle via subduction of ______ ______.

9
New cards

Arcs

Volcanic ______ form at convergent boundaries.

10
New cards

Ring of Fire

A major belt of volcanoes that border the Pacific Ocean, created by subducting oceanic lithosphere.

11
New cards

Mantle Plume, Volcanoes, Millions, Intraplate

The Hawaiian Islands formed when a ______ ______ beneath the crust melted through the crust, forming ______. As the lithosphere moved, the old volcanoes became dormant while new volcanic islands formed above the hot spot, which is expected to last for ______ of years. How they formed is known as ______ volcanism.

12
New cards

High

Magma with ______ viscosity causes a larger eruption.

13
New cards

Heat, Decreases

When ______ increases, viscosity ______.

14
New cards

Basaltic

______ lava tends to not be explosive.

15
New cards

Viscous

______ lava traps more gas bubbles.

16
New cards

Lava, Pyroclastic

Volcanic eruptions create L______ and P______ flows.

17
New cards

Temperature, Chemical Composition

______ and ______ ______ affect lava viscosity.

18
New cards

Vent

The location where lava is released.

19
New cards

Caldera

A crater left behind after a volcano collapses into its empty magma chamber.

20
New cards

Volcanic Neck

A deposit of hardened magma in a volcano's pipe.

21
New cards

Lava Plateau

Landform produced by repeated eruptions of fluid basaltic magma that builds up in thick layers.

22
New cards

Cinder Cone

This volcano type is the product of gas-rich basaltic magma mostly in the form of pyroclastic material.

23
New cards

Viscosity, Gases

______ and dissolved ______ determine how violently or quietly a volcano erupts.

24
New cards

Pluton

Structures formed via the hardening of magma beneath earth's surface.

25
New cards

Rock Layers

Plutons are classified by shape, size, and relationship to surrounding ______ ______.

26
New cards

Sill

Magma that intrudes between two rock layers.

27
New cards

Laccolith

Lens shaped pluton that pushed overlying rock layers upward.

28
New cards

Dike

Pluton that forms and cuts across layers of rock.

29
New cards

Batholith

A very large igneous intrusion (more than 100 square km) extending deep in the earth's crust.