JRN 101 final

Verification

Fact-checking information and sources independently to prevent misinformation.

O'Brien case

Established a test allowing government speech regulation based on time, manner, and place.

Legal definition of journalists

Defines protections, privileges, credibility, and ethical standards for journalism.

Ethics vs. feelings

Ethics guide right from wrong objectively, not based on subjective feelings.

Social empathy

Understanding others' perspectives in systemic injustice contexts to foster diverse understanding.

Transparency in news

Builds trust, accountability, and allows critical evaluation by disclosing sources and biases.

Journalism for democracy

Critical for accountability, informing citizens, investigating, and facilitating discourse in democracy.

Dual product model

Media selling content to consumers and audience attention to advertisers.

Actual malice

Defamation standard for public figures requiring proof of knowingly false statements.

Duty of care

Journalistic responsibility to minimize harm through accurate and fair reporting.

Confirmation bias

Favoring information aligning with beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence.

News values

 timeliness, impact, currency, conflict, novelty/emotions, prominence, proximity

Brandenburg v. Ohio

Protected hate speech unless inciting imminent lawless action, setting a high bar for content-based restrictions.

Disinformation

Deliberately deceptive false information spread to confuse or influence for gain.

Schenck (1919) case

Established the 'clear and present danger' test for speech restriction if endangering society.

Amplification

Rapid, widespread sharing of stories amplifying news, challenging verification in journalism.