anatomy and pysiology

cytoplasm

the substance inside a cell, not including the nucleus

genesis

a beginning, development, or production of something into being

histology

the study of the microscopic structure of tissues

metabolism

the organic processes that are necessary for life

mitosis

the process by which a cell divides into two smaller cells

abdominal

relating to or near the middle region of the body

abdominoplasty

tummy tuck

abdominocentesis

centesis of the belly to remove fluid for diagnosis

abdominal aorta

a branch of the descending aorta

abdominous

having a large belly

abduction/adduction

moving of a body part away from the central axis of the body

aberrant

markedly different from an accepted norm

abiogenesis

a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter

acrocyanosis

cyanosis of the extremities

acrophobia

fear of heights

acromegaly

enlargement of bones of hands and feet and face

active

energetic movement happening

acute

having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course

acute gastritis

gastritis caused by ingesting an irritant

acute pyelonephritis

pyelonephritis resulting from the spread of a bladder infection

tendon

a band of tissue connecting a muscle to its bony attachment (bone to muscle)

ligament

a band of tissue connecting a bone to its bony attachment (bone to bone)

amniotic fluid

the serous fluid in which the embryo is suspended inside the amnion

adenitis

inflammation of a gland or lymph node

adenocarcinoma

malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium

adenoma

a benign epithelial tumor of glandular origin

adhesion

abnormal union of bodily tissues; most common in the abdomen

afebrile

fever free

akinesia

motionlessness attributable to a temporary paralysis

alopecia

partial or complete hair loss

amenia/amenorrhea

absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow

amniotic

of or related to the amnion or characterized by developing an amnion

amniocentesis

(pregnancy) extraction by centesis of amniotic fluid from a pregnant woman (after the 15th week of pregnancy) to aid in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities

amnion

thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals)

cerebral

of, relating to, affecting, or being the cerebrum

amniotic sac

thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals)

carotid

each of the two main __arteries__ that carry blood to the head and neck

analgesia

absence of the sense of pain without loss of consciousness

anastomosis

a natural or surgical joining of parts or branches of tubular structures so as to make or become continuous

anemia/anemic

deficient amount of red blood cells

anencephalous/anencephaly

characterized by partial or total absence of a brain

anesthesia

a drug that causes temporary loss of bodily sensations

anesthesiologist

a specialist who administers an anesthetic to a patient before he is treated

anesthesiology

the branch of medical science that studies and applies anesthetics

aneurysm

an abnormal bulge caused by weakening of an artery wall

angioplasty

an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery

neurofibroma

tumor of the fibrous covering of a peripheral nerve

angiology

the branch of medical science that studies the blood and lymph vessels and their disorders

anodonta

thin-shelled freshwater mussels

anomaly

deviation from the normal or common order, form, or rule

anopia

sightlessness (blind/lack of sight)

anorexia

a prolonged disorder of eating due to loss of appetite

antepartum

occurring or existing before birth

antipyretic

preventing or alleviating fever

anuresis/anuria

inability to urinate

aphasia

1. inability to use language because of a brain lesion

aplasia

failure of some tissue or organ to develop

apnea

temporary cessation of breathing, especially while sleeping

apneic

relating to apnea

arteriosclerosis

sclerosis of the arterial walls

arthritis

inflammation of a joint or joints

arthoplasty

surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint

asepsis

the process of inhibiting the growth and multiplication of microorganisms

asymptomatic

having no signs or manifestations of an illness or disease

atherosclerotic

of or relating to atherosclerosis

atrophy

a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse

benign

not dangerous to health; not recurrent or progressive (especially of a tumor)

biopsy

the removal and examination of tissue from a living body

blastoderm

a layer of cells on the inside of the blastula

blepharitis

inflammation of the eyelids characterized by redness and swelling and dried crusts

blepharospasm

spasm of the eyelid muscle resulting in closure of the eye

blepharism

condition in which a person blinks continuously

bradycardia

abnormally slow heartbeat (lower than 60bpm)

bronchiolitis

inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchioles

bronchitis

inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchial tubes

bronchopneumonia

pneumonia characterized by acute inflammation of the walls of the bronchioles

bronchoscope

1. a slender tubular instrument used to examine the bronchial tubes

bronchospasm

a spasm of the bronchi that makes exhalation difficult and noisy; associated with asthma and bronchitis

carcinogenic

causing or tending to cause cancer

carcinoma

any malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue

cardiac arrest

absence of systole

cardiology

the branch of medicine dealing with the heart and its diseases

cardiologist

a specialist in the structure and function of the heart

cardiomegaly

an abnormal enlargement of the heart

carditis

inflammation of the heart

cauterization

the act of coagulating blood and destroying tissue with a hot iron or caustic agent or by freezing

central

in or near an inner area

cephalalgia

pain in the head caused by dilation of cerebral arteries or muscle contractions or a reaction to drugs

cephalic

of or relating to the head

cephalometry

measurement of human heads

cerebrospinal

of or relating to the brain and spinal cord

cerebrovascular

of or relating to the brain and the blood vessels that supply it

cerebrum

anterior part of the brain consisting of two hemispheres

cheilitis

inflammation and cracking of the skin of the lips

cheiloschisis

a congenital cleft in the middle of the upper lip

cheilosis

a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin

chemotherapy

the use of drugs to treat disease, especially cancer

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

abnormal respiration in which periods of shallow and deep breathing alternate

cholecystectomy

surgical removal of the gall bladder

cholecystitis

inflammation of the gall bladder