structure and properties of matter quiz

solid particle arrangement

particles are tightly packed

particles do not move around

liquid particle arrangement

particles are close together

particles vibrate, move, and slide past each other

gas particle arrangement

particles are very separated

particle vibrate and move quickly

matter

anything that takes up space and has mass

chemistry

study of the properties of matter and how matter changes

condensation

change of state from gas to liquid

sublimation

change of state from solid to gas

deposition

change of state from gas to solid

evaporation

change of state from liquid to gas

freezing

change of state from liquid to solid

melting

change of state from solid to liquid

mass

the amount of matter in an object

volume

amount of space an object takes up

weight

measure of the force of gravity on an object

physical properties of matter

how matter is described according to physical characteristics; characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into something else; characteristics of matter that are observable or quantifiable

physical properties examples

brittleness, color, malleability, temperature, solubility (dissolving), magnetic, flexibility, density, boiling point, ductility, heat conductivity, length, mass, state of matter, viscosity, electrical conductivity, luster, melting point, texture, volume

physical change

change in a substance that does not change its identity

chemical properties of matter

characteristics that can be observed when a substance interacts with another substance; ability to react; inability to react; usually hidden

chemical properties examples

flammability, burning, oxidation (react with oxygen), hydrolysis (react with water), reactivity with acid, toxicity, heat conductivity, pH level, chemical stability

chemical change

change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties.

phase change

a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition

particles

extremely small units of matter (general term)

viscosity

liquid's resistance to flowing

surface tension

measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

amorphous solid

solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern

crystalline solid

solid that is made up of crystals in which particles are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern

thermal energy

total energy of motion in the particles of a substance (heat energy)

density

mass per unit volume (D=M/V) (The amount of matter in a given volume)

chemical properties are observed…

by performing a chemical reaction

physical properties are observed…

without changing the composition of the matter