中文- 第一到第三课 【needs some pinyin 对不起]

midterm time

九月

September

月

month

十二

twelve

零

zero

星期

week

星期四

thursday

天

day

生日

birthday

生

to give birth

日

day;sun

今

(used with 年/天; to say this year/today)

明

(used with 年/天; to say next year/tomorrow)

今年

this year

年

year

昨天

yesterday

多

how many/how much

大

big;old

十八

eighteen

岁

year of age

吃

to eat

饭

meal

做饭

to cook

怎么样

its it ok? how is it?

太....了

too;extremely

谢谢

thanks, thank you

喜欢

to like

菜

cuisine;dishes

还是

or

可是

but

我们

we

点

o'clock (used to tell time)

半

half (half-hour)

刻

quarter (三刻, [45] 一刻 [15] used to tell time

见

to see

再见

good bye!

再

to see

天气

weather

早上

6am - 8am

上午

8am - 11am

中午

11am - 1pm

下午

1pm - 6pm

晚上

6pm - 12am [evening; night]

早饭

breakfast

中饭/午饭

lunch

晚饭

dinner

现在

now

事

event; matter; affair

很

very

忙

busy

为什么

why?

为

for

因为

because

还

also; too

同学

classmate

认识

to recognize

那

Nà | That

的

de | of

To indicate a possessive relationship, the particle (的) appears between the “possessor”

and the “possessed.” To that extent, it is equivalent to the “’s” structure in English. For

example 老师的名字 \= teachers name. The particle (的) is often omitted in colloquial speech after a personal pronoun and before a kinship term.

Therefore, we say "王朋的妈妈" (Wang Peng's mother) but, 我妈妈 (my mother).

照片

Zhàopiàn | photograph

这

Zhè | This

爸爸

Bàba | Father

妈妈

Māmā | Mother

个

ge | (measure word for many common

everyday objects)

In Chinese, a numeral is usually not followed immediately by a noun. Rather, a measure

word is inserted between the number and the noun, as in (1), (2), and (3) below. Similarly, a

measure word is often inserted between a demonstrative pronoun and a noun, as in (4) and

(5) below. There are over one hundred measure words in Chinese, but you may hear only

two or three dozen in everyday speech. Many nouns are associated with special measure

words, which often bear a relationship to the meaning of the given noun. 个 is the single most common measure word in Chinese. It is also sometimes

used as a substitute for other measure words.

女

Nǚ | Female

孩子

Háizi | Child

谁

Shéi | Who

Question pronouns include 谁 (who), 什么 (what), 那 (which), 哪儿 (where), 几 (how many). In a question with a

question pronoun, the word order is exactly the same as that in a declarative sentence. Therefore,

when learning to form a question with a question pronoun, we can start with a declarative sentence

and then replace the part in question with the appropriate question pronoun.

他/她

Tā | he/she

姐姐

Jiějiě | Older sister

男

Nán | Male

弟弟

Dìdì | Younger Brother

大哥

dàgē | Eldest brother

哥哥

gēgē | Older brother

儿子

Érzi | Son

有

Yǒu | Have

有 is always negated with 没 instead of 不

女儿

Nǚ'ér | Daughter

没

Méi | no

高 (高文中)

Gāo | High (Gāo Wénzhōng | Personal Name)

家

jiā | family

几

jǐ | how many?

口

Kǒu | mouth

两

Liǎng | two; a couple of

二 and 两 both mean “two,” but they differ in usage. 两 is used in front of

common measure words to express a quantity. In counting, one uses 二.

妹妹

Mèimei | Little sister