Science forces and energy

What is mass?

mass is the amount of matter in something

What is mass measured in?

Kilograms/KG

grams/ g

How do you convert KG to grams?

KG divided by 1000

What is force?

A push or pull

what can forces do? 6 things

Start things moving

Stop things moving

Speed things up

Slow things down

Changing object shape

Change object direction

what is force measured in

newton (n)

how do you measure forces?

newton ruler

What is a contact force?

Two things touch to transmit a force E. G.. Kicking a ball.

what is a noncontact force?

When a force can act through space, E.G 2 magnets repelling

what are three noncontact forces?

Magnetic

Gravitational

Electrostatic

magnetic force?

The area around a magnet where a magnetic force is experienced is called a magnetic field . a bar magnets are called poles

What happens when 2 poles the same are placed together?

They will repel/repulsion

what happens when two poles which are different are placed next to each other

they will attract

What are 4 magnetic materials

Iron

Steel

Nickel

Cobalt

What is gravitational force

An object released above the ground falls because the force of gravity pulls it towards the centre of the Earth. the earth orbits the sun and does not fly off into space because of the sun gravitational force

What are negative charges called?

Electrons

Which charge can move?

Only the electrons

Which one is fixed?

Nucleus

How does an object become neutrally charged?

If there are equal numbers of positive and negative charges, the charges balance each other .The matter is said to be neutrally charged

What happens if there are more negatives

the whole material is negative (electrons)

What happens if there are more positives

The whole material is positive (nucleus)

What is static electricity?

Static electricity only happens with two insulating materials and needs friction (two materials rub together)

What are everyday examples of static electricity

Trampoline- socks and net

Car - wheels and road

Clothes in a tumble dryer

What is energy and what is it measured in?

Energy is the ability to work and is measured in joule (j)

What are the 10 different types of energy

Heat

Sound

Light

Electrical

Chemical

Magnetic

Elastic

Kinetic

Nuclear

Gravitational potential

What are the energy resources

Wind

solar

fossil fuels

radioactive materials

water

geothermal

biofuels

remember - why should fun result weather giving bananas

What is neutral charge

Same number of negatives and positives charges

What is electrostatically charged

When an object has lost or gained negative charge

Rules for drawing change diagrams

left- total energy in

right- how energy is used

how is mass measured

lever arm balance

electronic balance

what is weight

Force of gravity acting on an objects mass

examples of forces

friction

gravity

magnetic

how many grams in 1N

100g

What are the poles of the Magnet called?

North and south poles

How does an object become charged

When we rub a balloon on our hair the hair gains some electrons and becomes negative

the balloon loses some electrons and becomes positive

Examples of energy changes

Light into chemical

Chemical into electrical

Electrical into light and heat