Biology quiz 2

What is Mitosis?

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. It includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Prophase for mitosis

each chromosomes has two parts called chromatids, nucleus is still there and the chromosomes are visible and condensing

metaphase for mitosis

chromosomes begin to line up in the centre of the cell. spindle fibres attach to chromosomes. Nucleus is no longer there

anaphase for mitosis

chromosomes are moving away and getting pulled apart from the spindle fibers.

telophase for mitosis

as chromosomes are pulled apart, the chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell. new nuclei are forming for the chromosomes.

cytokinesis

the chromosomes are at the opposite side of the sells and the nuclei are formed, the cytoplasm splits to form two new cells.

what is meiosis 1?

a process of cell division that produces four haploid daughter cells from a single diploid parent cell.

What happens during Prophase I of Meiosis?

Prophase I is the first stage of meiosis, characterized by the condensation of chromosomes and the pairing of homologous chromosomes to form tetrads, crossing over occurs.

What happens during Metaphase I of Meiosis?

Metaphase 1 the chromosomes are in pairs in the middle of the cell attached to spindle fibers.

Anaphase for meiosis 1

Chromosomes are being pulled away from the spindle fibbers close to the end of the cell.

telophase for meiosis 1

two newly formed nuclei that contain the chromosomes in each of them. End meiosis 1 with 2 new cells

cytokinesis for meiosis 1

cytokinesis ends with splitting the cytoplasm and forming two new cells.

prophase for meiosis 2

you have your two new cells and spindle fibers are starting to occur.

metaphase for meiosis 2

chromosomes are lined up in the middle but not in pairs and in two separate cells.

anaphase for meiosis 2

chromatids are being pulled away from the spindle fibbers.

telophase for meiosis 2

nuclei is reforming and there is going to be four cells dividing after.

cytokinesis for meiosis 2

cytokinesis completely splits the cytoplasm to make another 2 cells to make 4 in total.

homologous

similar chromosomes in size and contain the same trait ( ex eye colour)

haploid and diploid which cells are they in

haploid is meiosis and diploid is mitosis

compare and contrast describe the similarity and differences from meiosis 1 and meiosis 2.

both have PMAT but during both metaphases 1 homologous chromosomes pair up and cross over but in 2 they only line up in the middle.

compare mitosis and meiosis

they both have PMAT but mitosis produces 2 identical cells and meiosis produces 4 unique cells

zygote

the single cell produced when a sperm fertillizes an egg