chapter 1 - psych

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psychology

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study of the mind and behavior

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emprical method

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aquired knowledge based on observation

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Psychology

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48 Terms

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psychology

study of the mind and behavior

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emprical method

aquired knowledge based on observation

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structuralism

Wundt, scientific study of the mind and its processes by their components

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introspection

observer to describe internal sensations while performing task or stimulus

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functionalism

james, investigate how mental activites help organism fit in envirnoment, whole mind

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behaviorism

waston, over threw structuralist and functionalist, only observable behavior was legitmate

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classical condition

pairing neutral stimulus with stimulus that reflexively triggers particular response will make netural stimulus bring smae response

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reinforcement

terminated noxious stimulus or was followed by positive reward made behavior in frequency - law of effect

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skinner

behavior effected by consequences

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gestalt psychology

sensory experiences can be broken with individual parts, but how the parts relate → how individual responds

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cognitive revolution

math and cs impacted psychology by providing scientificly rigorous ways to describe internal states and mental process

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clinical psychology

diagnosing expaling and treating

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sigmund freud

unconcious mind respository of feelings and urges which we have no awareness of, analyze through dream, and slips of tongue, born selfish and society makes us good

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psychoanalytic theory

focus on role of persons unconscious early childhood experiences

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humanism

emphasizes potential for good that is innate

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maslow

hiearchy of human needs in motivating human behavior

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rogers

potential for good exists, client takes lead role and are capable of dealing and working through own issues, therapist is unconditional positive

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biological

how genetic and biology change things, more prevalent, neuroscience

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cognitive

how thinking in diff ways change, how people acquire, store, and process info

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sociocultural

how others impact us, influences of social, cultural environment impact

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biopsychology

bio influences our behavior, immediate cause of behavior based in phyisology of human

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evolutionary psychology

study of behaviors thought and feeling through eyes evolutionary biology

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sensation and perception

very interdisiplinary, physiological aspects of sensory systems and psychological experiences, our experience/perception complex influenced by our attention, experiences, and culture

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cognitive psychology

inverstigates mental processes involved in attention, thinking, language, memory, problem solving, and decision making

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developmental psychology

study of development across a life span, interest in processes related to physical maturation and cognitive skills

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personality psychology

patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique

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social psychology

how we interact and relate to others

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stanely milgram

study on obedience, caused an ethcial guidelines

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industrial organizational psychology

personal management, organizational structure, and workplace issues, make hiring decisions

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health psychology

health affected by interaction of biological and psychological and sociocultural factors

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sport and exercise psychology

psychological aspects of sport performance (motivation, performance anxiety)

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counseling psychology

emotional, social, vocational, health related outcomes in individuals who are psychologically helahty

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forensic psychology

questions of psychology as they arise in justice system

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PHD

research and disseration

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PsyD

more emphasis on application of principles

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margraet flay washburn

1st women to earn psych phd in us, mostly animal psych, 2nd female president of APA

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anna freud

expanded on dads ideas (defense mechanism), use psychoanalysis with kids, coping mechanisms

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mary whiton calkins

1st female president of APA, was supposed to get PHD from Harvard, memory tests, 1st psych lab at womens college

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let stetter hollingworth

challenged idea that women were intellectually inferior and unable to function while menstrating

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inez prosser

1st black woman to earn psych phd in us, children psychology on integration

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martha bernal

1st latina to earn psych phd in us, ethnic identity, clinical training + multicultural

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mamie phipps clark

created famous clark doll theory, 4 year old gets racial identity, instrumental in court cases brown v board

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Kenneth clark

married to mamie, 1st black president of APA, opened northside center for mental

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francis cecil summer

1st black person to earn psych phd in us, father of black psychology, how to combat racism, antiblack bias

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robert williams II

founded national assocaition of black psychologists, challenged racial difference in intelligence, creator of black intelligence test of cultural homogenity, ebonics

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counselor/therapist

masters

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clinical psychologist

PHD, PsyD

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psychiatrist

MD, prescribe meds