Chapter Two: Foundations of Resident Care

communication

communication

the process of exchanging information with others by sending and receiving messages.

verbal communication

communication involving the use of spoken or written words or sounds.

nonverbal communication

communicating without using words.

objective information

information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells; also called signs.

subjective information

information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on something reported to the person that may or may not be true; also called symptoms.

AAROM

active-assistive range of motion

abd

abdomen

ABR

absolute bedrest

ac, a.c.

before meals

AD

Alzheimer’s disease

ADC

AIDS dementia complex

ad lib

as desired

adm.

admission

AED

automated external defribrillator

AHA

American Heart Association

AIDS

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

AIIR

airborne infection isolation room

AKA

above-knee amputation

AM

morning

amb

ambulate, ambulatory

AMD

age-related macular degeneration

amt

amount

ANS

autonomic nervous system

anterior

ant.

a.p./AP

apical pulse

approx.

approximately

AROM

active range of motion

ASAP

as soon as possible

assistance

assist.

as tol

as tolerated

A, T, D

admission, transfer, and discharge

ax

axillary

BID, b.i.d.

two times a day

Nonverbal communication includes

Facial expressions

What is a root?

The part of a word that contains its basic meaning

What is a prefix?

The part of the word that comes before the root

What is a suffix?

The part of the word added to the end of the root

The patient may not understand the medical terms

Why should nursing assistants use simple, non-medical terms when speaking with residents and their family?

defense mechanisms

unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress.

culture

a system of learned behaviors, practiced by a group of people, that is considered to be the tradition of that people and is passed on from one generation to the next.

Within reach of the resident's stronger hand

Where should call lights be placed in residents' rooms?

False

True or False? \n \n To avoid choking, residents should eat in a reclined position.

False

True or False? \n \n When lifting an object, it is safer to hold it far away from the body.

True

True or False? \n \n Knees should be bent when lifting an object.

True

True or False? \n \n Liquids thickened to the consistency of honey are easier to swallow

True

True or False? \n \n Feet should be pointed toward the object a person is lifting.

False

True or False? \n \n A high center of gravity gives a more stable base of support.

False

True or False? \n \n Keeping the feet close together gives the body the best base support and keeps a person more stable.

False

True or False? \n \n If a resident starts to fall, the nursing assistant should try to catch the resident and stop the fall.

False

True or False? \n \n Residents in wheelchairs should be facing the back of the elevator when riding in elevators.

False, bathroom

True or False? \n \n Cuts most often occur in a person's bedroom

True

True or False? \n \n Residents must be identified before helping with feeding or placing meal trays.True

True

True or False? \n \n The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) details chemical ingredients and chemical dangers of products

True

True or False? \n \n A nursing assistant should call a resident by name as a way to identify the patient

Plug doorways to prevent smoke from entering

If a fire occurs, a nursing assistant should

Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep

PASS is an acronym that stands for

R: remove residents from danger \n A: active alarm or call 911 \n C: contain fire if possible \n E: extinguish fire

RACE is an acronym that stands for

What guidelines apply in any disaster situation?

1. Remain calm \n 2. Know locations of exits/stairways \n 3. Know where fire alarms/extinguishers are located \n 4. Know appropriate action to take in any situation \n 5. Use the internet, TV, or radio to stay informed

Under the person's arms and around his waist

Where should the hands be placed to give abdominal thrusts?

pale or bluish skin

Signs of shock include

Loosen the clothing around the resident's neck

If an NA suspects that a resident is having a heart attack, she should

Hold a thick sterile pad against the wound and press down hard

To control bleeding, an NA should

Cool, clean water

To treat a minor burn, the NA should use

Lower the resident to the floor

If a resident faints, the NA should

Food that can be rapidly absorbed or a glucose tablet should be consumed

When a resident is first experiencing signs of insulin reaction, what needs to happen?

The NA should move furniture away to prevent injury to the resident

Which of the following is true about assisting a resident who is having a seizure?

Wearing gloves if there is possibility of coming into contact with blood or body fluids

Standard Precautions include the following measures:

They harbor bacteria and increase risk of contamination

Why should an NA not wear artificial nails to work?

On every single person under a nursing assistant's care

Standard precautions should be practiced…

Healthcare-assosciated infections (HAIs)

Infections acquired in healthcare settings are called

Mode of transmission (a way for the disease to spread)

The following are links in the chain of infection. Which link is broken by wearing gloves, thus preventing the spread of disease?

Sharps should be placed in biohazard containers

How should sharps, such as needles, be discarded?

20 seconds

How long should an NA use friction when lathering and washing his hands?

The dirty area should be inside

How should dirty linen be rolled or folded?

Carried away from the NA's uniform

Dirty linen should be

In addition to standard precautions

Transmission-based precautions are used

Equipment that is used by only one resident

Dedicated equipment refers to

Hepatitis B

Employers must offer a free vaccine to protect NA's from

Airborne

Tuberculosis is

1. Wash hands \n 2. Put gown on \n 3. Put mask on \n 4. Put goggles/face shield on \n 5. Put gloves on

What is the correct order for donning PPE?

1. Remove/discard gloves \n 2. Remove/discard goggles/face shield \n 3. Remove/discard gown \n 4. Remove/discard mask \n 5. Wash hands

What is the correct order for doffing PPE?

False

True or False? \n \n Sterilization is a cleaning measure that destroys only pathogens, but not all microorganisms.

True

True or False? \n \n Methicillin-resistent Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be spread through indirect contact by touching objects contaminated by a person who has MRSA

False

True or False? \n \n A nursing assistant does not need to wear gloves to clean up a small spill

False

True or False? \n \n Increasing the use of antibiotics helps lower the risk of developing Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) diarrhea

True

True or False? \n \n Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) causes life-threatening infections in people with weak immune systems

False

True or False? \n \n Both hand sanitizers and washing hands with soap and water are considered equally effective when dealing with C. difficile

False

True or False? \n \n Both hand sanitizers and washing hands with soap and water are considered equally effective when dealing with C. difficileF