Chapter 10
Phase change: A transition from one state of matter to another
Stronger forces between particles - higher melting and boiling point
Lattices: rigid frameworks of atoms, molecules or ions
Form lattices of tightly packed atoms
Electrons move easily between atoms
Shapes of metals are easily altered
Malleable
Ductile
Forces within molecules: Covalent bonds
Forces between molecules: Intermolecular forces
Covalent networks: Lattices of covalent bonds that form giant molecules
Polymers: contain long chains of covalently - bonded atoms
Volume of particles is much less than container
Particles have no attraction for each other
Connects Temp, Vol, Pressure
The force that gases exert on their surroundings
Barometer: A device used to measure atmospheric pressure
Gauge Pressure: The difference between the compressed gas pressure and the atmospheric pressure
The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related
When working with Boyle’s law, we can use any units of pressure and any units for volume
At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature
Absolute value = -273.15 + Celsius = Kelvin
Temperature = in KELVIN
The temperature has to be in KELVIN
If temp and pressure are both constant, the vol of gas is proportional to the number of moles of gas present
The pressure caused by one gas in a mixture; Adding up all partial pressures gives the total pressure
The spread of particles through random motion
Lighter particles diffuse more quickly
The process of a gas escaping from a container
Phase change: A transition from one state of matter to another
Stronger forces between particles - higher melting and boiling point
Lattices: rigid frameworks of atoms, molecules or ions
Form lattices of tightly packed atoms
Electrons move easily between atoms
Shapes of metals are easily altered
Malleable
Ductile
Forces within molecules: Covalent bonds
Forces between molecules: Intermolecular forces
Covalent networks: Lattices of covalent bonds that form giant molecules
Polymers: contain long chains of covalently - bonded atoms
Volume of particles is much less than container
Particles have no attraction for each other
Connects Temp, Vol, Pressure
The force that gases exert on their surroundings
Barometer: A device used to measure atmospheric pressure
Gauge Pressure: The difference between the compressed gas pressure and the atmospheric pressure
The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related
When working with Boyle’s law, we can use any units of pressure and any units for volume
At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature
Absolute value = -273.15 + Celsius = Kelvin
Temperature = in KELVIN
The temperature has to be in KELVIN
If temp and pressure are both constant, the vol of gas is proportional to the number of moles of gas present
The pressure caused by one gas in a mixture; Adding up all partial pressures gives the total pressure
The spread of particles through random motion
Lighter particles diffuse more quickly
The process of a gas escaping from a container
