Somatic Symptoms and Dissociative Disorders

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22 Terms

1
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Somatic symptoms disorder

  • chronic physical symptoms like pain, weakness, and shortness of breath

  • excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to the symptoms

  • extreme worry about symptoms and their possible consequences

  • difficulty being reassures

  • high sensitivity to medication adverse effects

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Somatic symptom disorder theories

  • genetic and

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DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Somatic Symptom Disorder

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Illness anxiety disorder

  • Worry about developing or having a
    serious illness but does not always
    experience severe physical symptoms

  • When experiencing physical
    complaints the person becomes very
    alarmed and seeks immediate medical
    care

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DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Illness anxiety disorder

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Cognitive theories of somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety

Dysfunctional beliefs about serious illnesses and paying too much attention to physical changes

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Psychodynamic therapies for symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder

provide insight into emotions that link to physical symptoms

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Behavioral therapies for symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder

Learn and eliminate reinforcements that individuals get from symptoms

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Cognitive therapies for symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder

Help to learn thought patterns about physical symptoms and challenge these to avoid catastrophizing

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cultural belief systems for symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder

helps better engage clients in therapy to work on their symptoms

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Conversion disorder

Dramatic type of somatic symptom disorder that causes patients to lose neurologic functioning in a certain part of the body with no medical cause

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DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for conversion disorder or functional neurological symptom disorder

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Psychoanalytic theory of conversion disorder

disorder is a result of the transfer of the psychic energy attached to repressed emotions

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Primary gain of conversion disorder

conversion symptom reduces anxiety/discomfort

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Secondary gain of conversion disorder

medical and personal attention from others

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Behavioral theory of conversion disorder

Alleviates stress by removing individual from the environment

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Biological theory of conversion disorder

impaired connectivity between areas of the brain
that regulate anxiety

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Psychoanalytic therapy for conversion disorder

Helps express painful emotions or memories that are linked to
symptoms

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Behavioral therapy for conversion disorder

Relieves the person’s anxiety centered on the initial trauma that caused symptoms and reduces benefits received from symptoms

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Factitious Disorder

Deliberate faking of an illness to gain medical attention

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Malingering

faking a symptom or a disorder in order to avoid an unwanted situation

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Dissociative Identity Disorder

having more than one distinct identity or personality state taking control of the individuals’ behavior, “alters”