Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

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Anatomy

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The study of the form and structure of the body.

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Physiology

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The examination of how the body functions.

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These flashcards cover key concepts in anatomy and physiology, focusing on definitions and important terms relevant to the study of the human body's structure and function.

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26 Terms

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Anatomy

The study of the form and structure of the body.

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Physiology

The examination of how the body functions.

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Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment despite changing external conditions.

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Microscopic Anatomy

The examination of structures that cannot be observed with the unaided eye, requiring a microscope.

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Cytology

The study of body cells and their internal structure.

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Histology

The study of tissues.

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Gross Anatomy

The study of structures visible to the unaided eye.

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Systemic Anatomy

The study of the anatomy of each body system.

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Regional Anatomy

The examination of structures in a specific body region.

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Surface Anatomy

The study of superficial anatomical markings and internal body structures.

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Comparative Anatomy

The study of anatomical similarities and differences among different species.

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Embryology

The study of developmental changes from conception to birth.

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Pathologic Anatomy

The study of anatomic changes resulting from disease.

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Negative Feedback

A control mechanism that counteracts changes in a variable, working to bring it back to a set point.

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Positive Feedback

A control mechanism that reinforces changes, pushing a variable in the same direction until a climactic event occurs.

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Anabolism

The process of joining small molecules to form larger ones.

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Catabolism

The process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones.

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Receptor

A component that detects changes in a variable and signals a control center.

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Control Center

Interprets input from the receptor and initiates action via an effector.

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Effector

The structure that brings about changes to alter the stimulus.

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Serotonin

A neurotransmitter known as the 'feel good hormone,' which helps elevate mood.

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SSRI (Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors)

Drugs that increase serotonin levels in the brain by preventing its reuptake.

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diagnosis

The process of identifying a disease or condition based on its signs and symptoms.

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prognosis

A forecast about the likely outcome of a disease, including chances of recovery.

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symptom

A physical or mental feature indicating a condition or disease.

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sign

An objective indication of a disease that can be observed or measured by someone other than the patient, such as a rash or fever.