Chemical Bonding: Intermolecular Forces and Structures

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and definitions related to chemical bonding and intermolecular forces discussed during the lecture.

Permanent Dipole-Dipole Attractions

Weak attractive forces between permanent dipoles in neighboring polar molecules.

Induced Dipole-Dipole Forces

Attractive forces between induced dipoles in neighboring non-polar molecules, also known as London dispersion forces.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of permanent dipole-dipole attraction that occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom like N, O, or F.

Covalent Bonding

A type of bond where atoms are held together by the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the bonding nuclei.

Electronegativity Difference (ΔEN)

A measure used to determine the type of bond formed based on the difference in electronegativity between two atoms.

Intermolecular Forces (IMFs)

The forces of attraction that exist between molecules, significantly weaker than covalent, ionic, or metallic bonds.

Simple Molecular Structures

Structures composed of simple covalent molecules that exhibit different physical properties such as melting points and boiling points.

London Dispersion Forces

Weak intermolecular forces arising from temporary dipoles formed when electrons are distributed asymmetrically in molecules.

Allotropes

Different structural forms of the same element, such as diamond and graphite for carbon.

Permanent Dipole Attractions

Attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another.