UnitA - Lewis diagrams and formulas

Where are valence e- found?

In the outermost energy levels called valence orbitals

How many valence orbitals do all atoms have? And what is the exception for hydrogen and boron?

All atoms have 4 valence orbitals, but hydrogen only have 1 and boron only has 3

What are bonding electrons?

Single electrons in an orbital

What are lone pairs?

Paired electrons in an orbital

What happens to bonding e- in ionic compounds

They are available for transfer to form an ionic bond

What happens to bonding e- in molecular compounds

They are available for sharing to form a covalent bond

What are the molecules with multiple bonds and how much bonds do they have?

• Carbon and silicon = 4 bonds

• Nitrogen and phosphorous = 3 bonds

• Oxygen and sulfur = 2 bonds

• Everything else = 1 bond