LECTURE 1

Correction

The branch of the administration of the Criminal Justice System (CJS) responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of convicted offenders.

Community-Based Corrections

Methods of correcting sentenced offenders without imprisonment, allowing them to remain in the community under government-imposed conditions.

Probation

A court-imposed sanction allowing convicted offenders to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in prison.

Parole

The conditional release of a prisoner before the full sentence has been served, allowing them to reintegrate into the community.

Conditional Pardon

A type of pardon that allows an offender to serve part of their sentence in the community under specific conditions.

Recognizance

A legal agreement where an offender is released from custody based on the promise to appear in court and abide by certain conditions.

Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR)

An agency under the Department of Justice (DOJ) that supervises the national penitentiary and its penal farms.

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)

The agency under the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) with exclusive control over city, municipal, and district jails.

Decongestion of Jails

Efforts to reduce overcrowding in jails, which is a global issue especially prevalent in third world countries.

Presidential Decree No. 603

Known as the Child and Youth Welfare Code, this decree suspends the sentence of minor offenders and places them in rehabilitation centers.

Republic Act No. 9344

The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006, providing legal frameworks for juvenile offenders.

Institution-Based Approach

The correctional strategy focusing on the rehabilitation of offenders within institutions like jails and prisons.

Non-Institutional Correction

A correctional strategy that allows offenders to be rehabilitated within the community rather than in prison facilities.

Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)

The agency under the Department of Justice that supervises probationers and parolees.

Jail Congestion

A condition where the number of inmates exceeds the capacity of jail facilities, leading to overcrowding.

Batas Pambansa Bilang 85

A law that allows the release of detainees who have undergone preventive imprisonment equivalent to their maximum sentence.