organic reactions chem1aa3

Alkene to alkane

• Reactant:h2

• Catalyst: pd/C or Pt

• Elimination reaction

• Curved arrow mechanism required

Alkyne to alkane

• h2, Pd/C

• H2, Pt

• Elimination reaction

• Curbed arrow required

Alkyne to alkenes

• h2

• Lindlars catakyst

• Curbed arrow mechanism required

Alkenes to haloalkanes

• Hx or x2

• Where x = cl,br

• No catalyst

• Curved mechanism required

Haloaloalkane to e-Nu

• sn1 or sn2 reaction

• No catalyst

• Curved arrow required

Haloalkane to alcohols

• naoh or h20

• Can turn into primary. Secondary or tertiary depending on where the halo group is replaced by the alcohol

• Curbed arrow required

Alkenes to alcohols

• requires H3o+

• Curbed arrow required

Haloalkanes to Grignard Reagants (R-MgX)

• Mg

• Et2O(solvent can’t be carried out in after)

Grognard reagants to carbocylic acids

1. CO2

2. H3O+

Curved arrow required

Alcohols to Grignard reagents

• Carbonyl group betweem carbons or h

• Requires h3O+

• Requires curved arrow

Primary alcohols to carboxylic acids

• oxidation twice

• MnO4 or Cr2O7(2-) as oxidizing agent

Primary alcohols to aldehydes

• PCC

• Ch2Cl2 (solvent)

• No curved arrow

Aldehyde to primary alcohols

• NaBH4

• H3o+

• Curbed arrow required

Aldehyde to secondary alcohol

• RMgX

• H3O+

• Curbed arrow required

Secondary alcohol to ketone

• oxidation (agent such as kmno4 or cr2o7 2-)

• Or pcc, ch2cl2

• No curved arrow

Ketone to secondary alcohol

• NaBh4

• H3o+

• Curved arrow required

Ketone to tertiary alcohol

• RMgx

• H3o+

• Required curved arrow

Aldehyde to carboxylic acids

• oxidation (agent as kmno4 or cr2o7 2-)

• No curved arrow

Alcohols to esters

• rcooh

• H3O+

• Heat

• No curved arrow

Esters to carboxylic acid

• h20

• H3o+

• Heat

• No curved arrow

Carbocylic acid to esters

• h2o

• H3o+

• Heat