Salivary Glands Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing the anatomy and relations of salivary glands, including parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands.

Parotid Gland

The largest salivary gland, located on the side of the face anterior to the auricle.

Parotid Duct

Emerges from the anterior border of the parotid gland and opens into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the upper second molar tooth.

Parotid Gland Boundaries

Superiorly: Zygomatic arch; Inferiorly: Angle of the mandible; Anteriorly: Masseter muscle; Posteriorly: Sternomastoid muscle.

Parotid Gland Shape

Wedge-shaped, with a base above and an apex below. It has three surfaces: superficial, anteromedial, and posteromedial.

Superficial Relations of Parotid Gland

Skin, superficial fascia containing platysma, parotid lymph nodes, and great auricular nerve.

Posteromedial Relations of Parotid Gland

Mastoid process, styloid process and its attached muscles, carotid sheath, and facial nerve trunk.

Anteromedial Relations of Parotid Gland

Ramus of the mandible, masseter muscle, medial pterygoid muscle.

Structures within the Parotid Gland

Facial nerve, retromandibular vein, external carotid artery, auriculotemporal nerve, and parotid lymph nodes.

Parotid Gland Nerve Supply - Sensory

Capsule: Great auricular nerve; Parenchyma: Auriculotemporal nerve.

Parotid Gland Nerve Supply - Parasympathetic

Glossopharyngeal nerve tympanic branch tympanic plexus lesser superficial petrosal nerve relay in the otic ganglion auriculotemporal nerve.

Submandibular Gland

Located in the digastric triangle, divided into superficial and deep parts continuous around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.

Submandibular Gland Parts

Large superficial part and small deep part, continuous around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.

Superficial Relations of Submandibular Gland

Skin, platysma muscle, superficial fascia, deep fascia, submandibular lymph nodes, facial vein, and cervical branch of the facial nerve.

Medial Relations of Submandibular Gland

Mylohyoid muscle, nerve and vessels, hyoglossus muscle, lingual and hypoglossal nerves, and submandibular ganglion.

Lateral Relations of Submandibular Gland

Submandibular fossa of the mandible, facial artery, mylohyoid artery, and mylohyoid nerve.

Relations of the Deep Part of the Submandibular Gland

Lingual nerve above, hypoglossal nerve below, between mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles.

Submandibular Duct

Emerges from the medial surface of the superficial part of the gland and opens into the floor of the mouth on the summit of the sublingual papilla.

Submandibular Gland Nerve Supply

Parasympathetic: Facial nerve chorda tympani lingual nerve submandibular ganglion; Sympathetic: Sympathetic plexus around facial artery; Sensory: Lingual nerve.

Sublingual Gland

The smallest salivary gland, located beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth, elevating the sublingual fold.

Sublingual Gland Ducts

Multiple ducts that open on the sublingual fold below the tongue.

Medial Relations of Sublingual Gland

Genioglossus muscle, submandibular duct, and lingual nerve.

Lateral Relations of Sublingual Gland

Sublingual fossa of the mandible.

Superior Relations of Sublingual Gland

Mucosa of the floor of the mouth.

Inferior Relations of Sublingual Gland

Mylohyoid muscle.