BIO103 EXAM 2 TOPIC 8 MCMULLEN JMU

Responses to stimulus allow organisms to ________ ___________, a stable internal environment that may be quite different from their surroundings. At times, this is accomplished via _____________.

maintain homeostasis, movement

Examples of responding to stimulus

responding to mating calls, violation of ones territory, responding to predators

How do frigget birds respond to stimulus?

mating call, males puff up sack of skin under chin and blood vessels turn it bright red

Black Mangrove

live in salt rich soil, as a result they excrete excess salt from their leaves to maintain homeostasis

Galapagos Giant Tortoise

territorial encounters between two males involve stretching necks as high as possible.

How do Galapagos turtles keep cool?

wallowing in pools or mud baths

why does the Galapagos lava lizard's color vary?

depending on their surrounding substrate

are male or female lava lizards more brightly colored

males

lava lizards are sensitive to...

movement

food Galapagos Land Iguana eats

prickly pear cactus fruits and poads

what are the aggressive territorial displays of the galapagos land iguana?

lowering the head, head nodding, arching the back and bloating the throat and trunk

how do galapagos land iguanas cool off?

they hide in their burrows or seek the shade of vegetation

galapagos marine iguanas are ________ meaning they regulate their body temp by behavior means.

ectothermic

Ectothermic

cold blooded

elevated basking

the position galapagos marine iguanas assume, raise half of its body and faces the sun

marine iguanas form groups during nightfall to ______________.

conserve body heat

territorial displays by male marine iguanas are

head bobbing, head butting, and pushing

what species did the galapagos penguin descend from?

humbodolt penguin from southern south america

how do galapagos penguins stay cool?

hold wings out, keep feet shaded, pant rapidly (gular fluttering)

Waved Albatross

complex mating dance that requires pair to circle one another bill, usually makes a clacking sound

blue footed booby food

fish

blue footed boobies exhbit ______________, which means that depending on the availability of food, all or one bird may survive.

facultative siblicide

blue footed booby nest surrounded by a ___________ which typically represents the boundary of the nest.

ring of guano

predators of blue footed booby chicks

hawks, owls, frigatebirds

nazca booby reproduction

lay 2 eggs, both hatch, only one survives to maturity

what is responsible for the death of the nazca booby?

direct aggression from the older chick

red footed booby diet

flying fish and squid

how many eggs are produced from red footed boobies?

one

flightless cormorant can/cant fly

cant

how do flightless cormorants mate

aquatic dance, circle each-other, growling sound,

great frigatebirds are known for their bright ______ gular sacs which they inflate during mating season, males select the nesting sight

red

prey items of frigate birds are..

fish, squid, baby sea turtles

swallow-tailed gull feeds at ________ mainly on ________ and __________

night, fish, squid

swallow tailed gull has large eyes especially adapted for _______________

night vision

swallow tailed gull male _________ in front of the female which provides her nutrients.

regurgitates

galapagos sea lion live in colonies with up to _________ or more females and their young.

30

sea lion beach master will defend his stretch of coastline against all comers, it's not unsual to see a ___________ bull challenge the dominant bull

young