Fisdap Cardiology

Aspirin is administered to patients with chest pain because it?

A) Eliminates the effects of nitroglycerin

B) Relieves the patients chest pain

C) Breaks up blood clots occluding the vessels

D) Decreases the ability of platelets to form

D) DECREASES ABILITY TO FORM PLATELETS

A 48 year old patient complains of difficulty breathing. Patients history reveals an acute MI 8 months ago. Vital Signs are BP 144/88 P 110 R 24. Auscualtions reveal crackles in the lung bases. You should suspect?

A) Pulmonary embolism

B) COPD

C) Angina pectoris

D) Pulmonary edema

D) PULMONARY EDEMA

A 66 year old Female called EMS for chest pain. Prior to calling she took 3 doses of her prescription sublingual nitroglycerin with no relief what should you do?

A) Assess vitals signs

B) Consider placing aed pads

C) Administer oxygen

D) Assist her in administration of nitroglycerin

C) ADMINISTER OXYGEN

A patient complains of chest pain radiating to both shoulders after dinner. He's pale diaphoretic and slightly short of breath. Vitals are BP 150/90 P 120 R 20. You suspect?

A) Angina Pectoris

B) Myocardial Infarction

C) Costochondritis

D) indigestion

B) MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Within two minutes of assisting your patient with his third nitroglycerin tablet, he complains of dizziness and becomes sweaty. Radial pulses are present, rapid, and weak. You should suspect that the:

A) Nitroglycerin caused vasoconstriction and impaired cardiac output

B) Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation and decreased perfusion

C) Patients nitroglycerin has lost its potency

D) Patient has developed an allergy to nitroglycerin

B) NITROGLYCERIN CAUSES VASODILATION AND DECREASED PERFUSION

A 78 year old diabetic PT with a syncopal episode now complains of anxiety, shortness of breath and back pain. You suspect?

A) Aute coronary syndrome

B) Acute asthma attack

C) Hypotensive crisis

D) Transient ischemic attack

A) ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Which valve controls blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

A. Pulmonic

B. Tricuspid

C. Aortic

D. Mitral

D. Mitral

Mitral valve is also known as bicuspid valve between the left atrium and left ventricle

A 69 year old male is lying in his bed

and complaining of chest pain. during your assessment he becomes unresponsive and pulseless. what should you do?

A) Obtain full vital sign

B) Move him onto hard surface

C) Start the process of moving him to the ambulance

D) Assists his ventilation

B) MOVE HIM ONTO A HARD SURFACE

A 36 year old female with a history of congenital heart defects is slow to respond.

She has pale, cool, and clammy skin. Vital signs are BP 68/30, P 128, R 26. What

should you suspect?

A. Syncopal episode

B. Cardiogenic Shock

C. Angina Pectoris

D. Congestive Heart Failure

B. Cardiogenic Shock

What is the primary action of Nitro?

A) Dilate coronary arteries

B) Decrease blood viscosity

C) Slow Heart Rate

D) Constrict coronary arteries

A) Dilate Coronary Arteries

An asthmatic 50 year old female is sitting at her desk. She's anxious and

complaining of tightness in her chest. You should?

A. Contact medical control

B. Assist her with her prescribed inhaler

C. Obtain her BP. and administer nitroglycerin

D. Perform a focused history and physical exam

B. Assist her with her prescribed inhaler

You have just defibrillated a patient who now has a pulse and effective respirations, what position do you place them in?

A) Supine

B) Prone

C) Recovery

D) Fowlers

C) RECOVERY

An 80 year old male presents with shortness of breath, fatigue, peripheral edema,

and jugular vein distention. Breath sounds reveal crackles and rhonchi. The most likely

cause is:

A. COPD

B. Unstable Angina

C. Myocardial Infarction

D. Congestive Heart Failure

D. Congestive Heart Failure

A 68 year old female with cardiac history complains of shortness of breath, auscultations reveal crackles bilaterally. you should suspect?

A) Asthma

B) COPD

C) Hypertension

D) CHF

D) CHF

A 49 year old male with a history of heart problems complains of chest pressure and

shortness of breath. You should assist him in taking his prescribed nitroglycerin if he:

A. Complains of dyspnea and has a BP of 90/40

B. Complains of a headache and has a BP of 132/90

C. Has a heart rate of 48 bpm

D. Has taken three tablets on his own without relief

B. Complains of a headache and has a BP of 132/90

What action does aspirin have on the body that makes it beneficial for patients have an acute myocardial infarction?

A) Breaking up red blood clots

B) Decrease nausea

C) Relieving pain

D) Preventing platelets from clotting

D) PREVENTING PLATELETS FROM CLOTTING

A PT is complaining of substernal chest pain with radiating pain to his back and jaw.

The pain is not relieved with rest. You should suspect?

A. Acute myocardial infarction

B. Pleuritic chest pain

C. Pulmonary embolism

D. Unstable angina pectoris

A. Acute myocardial infarction

If the heart lacks enough power to pump proper volume of blood through the

circulatory system, this is referred to?

A) Neurological Shock

B) Distributive Shock

C) Cardiogenic Shock

D) Hypovolemic Shock

C) CARDIOGENIC SHOCK

Which vessels regulate regional blood flow to the capillary beds?

A. Alveoli

B. Venules

C. Capillary ducts

D. Arterioles

D. Arterioles

When do coronary arteries fill with blood?

A. Diastole

B. Systole

C. Exhalation

D. Inhalation

A. DIASTOLE

A 54 year old male complains of chest tightness after raking leaves for an hour. The

pain subsided after he rested and took two nitroglycerin tablets. He has had very similar

episodes in the past. He is most likely experiencing:

A. Esophageal spasm

B. Unstable angina

C. Myocardial infarction

D. Angina pectoris

D. Angina pectoris

A 73 year old female has chest pain and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles.

Vitals are 80/40, P 112, and R 22. What is the most likely cause?

A. Pneumonia

B. Cardiogenic Shock

C. Hypovolemic Shock

D. Unstable Angina

B. CARDIOGENIC SHOCK

Which of the following is a sign/symptom of cardiogenic shock?

A. Deep vein thrombosis

B. Progressive hypotension

C. Systemic vasodilation

D. Jugular venous distention

B. Progressive hypotension

An oriented 78 year old female with pale, moist skin is complaining of indigestion.

Vital signs are BP 180/90, P 116, and irregular, R 24, and regular. What should you

suspect?

A. Appendicitis

B. Hypoglycemic Shock

C. Myocardial Infarction

D. Stroke

C. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

A 48 year old male complains of 8/10 chest pain that radiates to his neck. Vital signs

are BP 112/78, P 60, R 18. The patient's daily medications include Metoprolol, Cialis,

and aspirin. What should you do?

A. Administer 405 mg of aspirin and reassess vital signs

B. Transport rapidly in a position of comfort to the closest facility.

C. Assist the patient in administering nitroglycerin

D. Perform a focused exam of the chest and reassess vital signs

B. Transport rapidly in a position of comfort to the closest facility.

A patient presents with a sudden onset of tearing chest pain, absent radial pulse on

the right arm, and a history of high blood

A. Arterial occlusion

B. Pulmonary embolism

C. Aortic dissection

D. MI

C. AORTIC DISSECTION

60 year old patient short of breath and cyanotic. Lung sounds reveal crackles and

you note accessory muscle use.

A. Left- sided heart failure

B. Right- sided heart failure

C. Chronic bronchitis

D. Pneumonia

A. Left- sided heart failure

A buildup of calcium and cholesterol form plaque inside a blood vessel. Which

would most likely be the cause?

A. Pulmonary embolism

B. CHF

C. Acute coronary syndrome

D. Hemorrhagic stroke

C. ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

The vessels that supply the myocardium are called the:

A. Carotid arteries

B. Ventricles

C. Vena cavae

D. Coronary arteries

D. Coronary arteries

After blood has been oxygenated, it returns to the heart by entering the:

A. Left ventricle

B. Right ventricle

C. Right atrium

D. Left Atrium

D. LEFT ATRIUM

A 67 year old male with significant shortness of breath, chest pain, and nausea, is

ashen & clammy. Vital signs are BP 90/60 P 148 R 34. You should..

a. Assist administration of NTG

b. Place patient in supine

c. Place patient in position of comfort

d. Assist administration of albuterol

b. Place patient in supine

A 64 year old patient tells you "I feel like I'm about to die". You administer

nitroglycerin and oxygen and there is no relief of chest pain. Vitals are BP 90/66, P 60,

R 24. You should:

A. Begin assisting ventilations

B. More nitroglycerin

C. Transport immediately

D. Contact medical control

C. TRANSPORT IMMEDIATELY

A patient collapsed, revived w/ 1 AED shock. Now he is moaning, breathing on his

own. You should:

a. Turn to side & monitor airway

b. Insert OPA, perform jaw thrust

c. Keep supine, perform jaw thrust

d. Remove AED, transport to Emergency Department

a. Turn to side & monitor airway

A sudden severe increase of blood pressure is called:

A. Transient ischemic attack

B. Hypotensive emergency

C. Hypertensive crisis

D. Central vascular accident

C. Hypertensive crisis

An 84 year old male has a history of "Heart Problems". Chief Complaint is chest

pain that started 30 mins ago at rest. BP 110/70 P 92 R 20 SPo2 95%. You should

a. Assist patient with prescribed Nitro

b. Apply oxygen via non-rebreather mask @ 10 LPM

c. Obtain detailed Medical History

d. Apply AED pads for impending cardiac arrest

a. Assist patient with prescribed Nitro

A 65 year old male complains of weakness and indigestion from the morning. Vital

signs are BP 150/90 P 116 R 24.

A. MI

B. Cerebral Vascular Accident

C. Gastroesophageal Reflux disease

D. Pulmonary edema

A. MI

You observed an older male, slumped to the floor. He is pulseless. What should you

do?

a. Start chest compressions

b. Attach AED

c. Open airway, assess breathing

d. Notify dispatch

a. Start chest compressions

A 44 year old female awakened with shortness of breath complaining of indigestion,

nausea, and epigastric pressure. Antacids didn't help. You should suspect?

A. MI

B. Gastroesophageal reflux

C. Peptic ulcer

A. MI

A 36 year old female has a chief complaint of chest pain. She is conscious & alert.

Her SPo2 is 93%. You should:

a. O2 NRM 15 LPM

b. O2 NC 4 LPM

c. Flow restricted ventilation device

d. BVM w/o o2

a. O2 NRM 15 LPM

You are in an airport and see an adult collapse. As you get an AED from the wall, a

bystander starts CPR. If indicated, you should deliver the first shock:

A. Within 15 seconds

B. After several minutes of CPR failed to restart the heart

C. As soon as ALS arrives

D. As soon as possible on arrival at the patient's side

D. As soon as possible on arrival at the patient's side

A 76 year old female is in tripod position. She complains of abdominal discomfort,

nausea, dizziness, fatigue. She has taken 2 nitroglycerins with no relief. You should

suspect

a. Appendicitis

b. MI

c. Angina

d. Asthma exacerbation

b. MI

After an AED has analyzed a patient, the machine states "shock advised." The most

likely cause is:

A. Ventricular tachycardia

B. Atrial fibrillation

C. Pulseless electrical activity

D. Asystole

A. Ventricular tachycardia

A patient has been in cardiac arrest for 7 minutes after being struck by lightning.

You should:

a. Check ABCs

b. Apply AED

c. Start chest compressions

d. Insert OPA

c. Start chest compressions

Nitroglycerin is a medication that is typically administered:

A. Sublingually

B. Intraosseously

C. Subcutaneously

D. Tricuspid

A. Sublingually

A 62 year old male has a chief complaint of chest pain and is lightheaded. BP 88/56

P 126 R 18. What is the best position?

a. Fowler's

b. Supine

c. Lateral recumbent

d. Semi Fowler's

b. Supine

At what rate should single rescuer CPR be performed for a 17 year old female?

A. 120 per minute

B. 90 per minute

C. 80 per minute

D. 70 per minute

A. 120 per minute

A 67 year old female has a history of asthma. Her chief complaint is chest tightness

and shortness of breath. She took 1 nitroglycerin with no relief. She is pale, sweaty, and

has a SPo2 of 76%. You should

a. O2 via NRB

b. Quickly obtain full set of vitals

c. Assist w/ 1 more NTG

d. Assist w/ prescribed inhaler

a. O2 via NRB

d. Assist w/ prescribed inhaler

What is the cause of heart failure?

A. Fluid accumulation in the lungs

B. Poor gas exchange in the alveoli

C. Inadequate ejection of blood from ventricles

D. Backup excess fluid in lower extremities

C. Inadequate ejection of blood from ventricles

57 y/o F C/C is chest pain and points to epigastric. You should

a. Obtainvitals

b. Administer o2

c. Admin NTG

d. Assess breathing

b. Administer o2

40 y/o PT w/ Hx of coronary artery disease & recent mastectomy C/C is chest discomfort. BP 80/54 P 120 R22

a. Angina

b. Cardiogenic shock

c. CHFd

d. Septicshock

b. Cardiogenic shock

The systolic blood pressure measures pressure during which of the following?

A. Ventricular relaxation

B. Systemic vasoconstriction

C. Atrial contraction

D. Ventricular contraction

D. Ventricular contraction

Which patient is most likely to benefit from an AED?

a. 10 month old M w/rigor found apneic &cyanotic

b. 34 y/o apneic ODPT w/faint carotid pulse

c. 54 y/o choking PT unresponsive no carotid pulse

d. 75 y/o F who is pulseless following ahead on car collision

c. 54 y/o choking PT unresponsive no carotid pulse

What best describes PEA?

a. Disorganized electrical activity w/o pulse

b. Organized electrical activity w/o pulse

c. Organized electrical activity w/ pulse

d. Disorganized electrical activity w/ faint pulse

b. Organized electrical activity w/o pulse