Chemistry~ 4.1 predicting chemical reactions

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What are the properties of group 1, alkali metals?

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1

What are the properties of group 1, alkali metals?

shiny, good conductors. softer and denser as you go down the group, less denser than water, low melting point(that decrease as you go down)

<p>shiny, good conductors. softer and denser as you go down the group, less denser than water, low melting point(that decrease as you go down)</p>
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2

Why are group 1, alkali metals stored in oil?

Because they react quickly with water and oxygen

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3

Metal + water → _____ + _____

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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4

Lithium reaction with water

Fizzes steadily, gradually disappears

<p>Fizzes steadily, gradually disappears</p>
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5

Sodium reaction with water

melts into a silver ball, fizzes vigorously, disappears more quickly

<p>melts into a silver ball, fizzes vigorously, disappears more quickly</p>
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6

Potassium reaction with water

Ignites (burns) with a lilac flame, disappears very quickly

<p>Ignites (burns) with a lilac flame, disappears very quickly</p>
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7

What colour would you expect universal indicator to be in potassium hydroxide solution?

blue, contains OH- ions

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8

What are the properties of the group 7, halogens?

brittle in solid state, poor conductors, exist as diatomic molecules /w weak intermolecular forces, coloured/form coloured vapours, exist at different states at room temperature

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9

fluorine (F₂) colour

pale yellow gas

<p>pale yellow gas</p>
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10

chlorine (Cl₂) colour

green gas

<p>green gas</p>
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11

bromine(Br₂) colour

orange-brown liquid that vaporises easily

<p>orange-brown liquid that vaporises easily</p>
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12

Iodine(I₂) colour

shiny grey-black crystalline (ordered structure) solid that sublimes(s-g) to form purple vapour

<p>shiny grey-black crystalline (ordered structure) solid that sublimes(s-g) to form purple vapour</p>
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13

What are the trends of group 7 elements going down the group?

density increases, melting and boiling point increase

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14

metal + halide → ____ ____

metal halide

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15

general ionic equation for a halogen

X₂ + 2e¯ = 2X¯

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16

The easier it is for a halogen atom to gain an electron...

the more reactive the element is

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17

Explain shielding with an example (chlorine)

Chlorine atoms are bigger (3 shells), this means the outer electron shell is further away from the nucleus and is shielded from its pull by the inner shells making it harder to gain an electron

<p>Chlorine atoms are bigger (3 shells), this means the outer electron shell is further away from the nucleus and is shielded from its pull by the inner shells making it harder to gain an electron</p>
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18

How do displacement reactions work?

A more reactive metal can replace a less reactive metal from a compound.

<p>A more reactive metal can replace a less reactive metal from a compound.</p>
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19

EG of displacement reaction: bromine + potassium iodide =

iodine + potassium bromide

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20

Reactivity series order :

Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Magnesium, (carbon), Aluminium, Tin, Lead, Iron, (hyrdogen), Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum

<p>Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Magnesium, (carbon), Aluminium, Tin, Lead, Iron, (hyrdogen), Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum</p>
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21

What are the trends and properties of transition metals?

from more than one stable ion (EG: iron(II) and iron(III)), traditional metals, form coloured compounds, good catalysts

<p>from more than one stable ion (EG: iron(II) and iron(III)), traditional metals, form coloured compounds, good catalysts</p>
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22

Metal + oxygen → ____ ____

metal oxide

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23

metal + acid → ____ + ____

salt + hydrogen

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24

What are the trends and properties of group 0, noble gases?

gases, monoatomic, unreactive/inert, density and boiling point increase as you go down the group, glow with different colours when electricity is passed through them, larger atomic molecules have stronger intermolecular forces

<p>gases, monoatomic, unreactive/inert, density and boiling point increase as you go down the group, glow with different colours when electricity is passed through them, larger atomic molecules have stronger intermolecular forces</p>
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25

uses of noble gases?

MRI scanner, light bulbs, carrier gas (in gas chromatography)

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