Cellular Respiration

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Description and Tags

Biology

Cells

19 Terms

1

aerobic

requires oxygen

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2

anaerobic

does not require oxygen

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3

lactic acid fermentation

the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product

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4

alcoholic fermentation

A process used by yeast cells and some bacteria to produce carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol

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5

electron transport chain

A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons to make ATP.

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6

krebs cycle

pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

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7

glycolysis

splitting glucose in half, releasing energy and pyruvate

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8

pyruvate

Three-carbon compound that forms as an end product of glycolysis.

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9

ATP

(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work

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10

ATP Synthase

The enzyme that makes ATP

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11

Cristae

Folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain

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12

Matrix

Innermost fluid of the mitochondrion

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13

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

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14

NADH

An energy-carrying molecule produced by glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. Carries energy to the electron transport chain, where it is stored in ATP.

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15

Citric Acid

a six-carbon compound formed in the Krebs cycle

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16

Coenzyme A

Helper molecule that helps to start the Krebs Cycle

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17

GTP

Energy molecule that is VERY similar to ATP

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18

Oxaloacetate

A four-carbon molecule that binds with the two-carbon acetyl unit of acetyl-CoA to form citric acid in the first step of the Krebs cycle (helps restart cycle)

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19

Oxygen

Final electron acceptor in the ETC

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