Week 2 - Introduction to JavaScript

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39 Terms

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JavaScript

A programming language that plays a crucial role in web development. It focuses on the behavior of the website.

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Vanilla JavaScript

Also known as plain JavaScript, refers to the original, unmodified JavaScript language without any additional frameworks or libraries. It represents the pure version of JavaScript that runs directly in web browsers, relying solely on the language’s built-in methods and objects.

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Arrow Functions

Provides a concise syntax for writing function expressions, introduced by ES6.

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Template Literals

This allows you to embed expressions inside strings using backticks (`).

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Destructing

This allows you to extract values from objects or arrays easily.

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<script> tag

It is used to embed or reference JavaScript code within an HTML document.

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<script> in the <head> section

When placed here, the script is loaded before the page content, which ensures that it’s available for use throughout the page.

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<script> in the <body> section

When placed here, the script is loaded after the page content, which can improve page load performance.

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External JavaScript Syntax

<script src = “filename.js”> </script>

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document.getElementById()

allows you to select an HTML element based on its unique ID

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Fundamental Part of HTML DOM

document.getElementById()

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Variables

It is a named container that holds a value. It allows you to store and manipulate data throughout your application.

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Use of const variable

Used if the value should not change (especially for arrays and objects).

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Use of let variable

Used if you need a mutable variable.

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Use of var variable

Used only for older browsers that don’t support let and const.

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let

This is used to declare block-scoped variables. This means they are accessible only within that block in which they are defined.

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const

This also has a block scope, it is used to declare immutable variables. Only you assign a value to this variable, you cannot change it later.

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var

It is used to declare variables.

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Scope of var

Its scope are function or global

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Scope of let and const

Block scope

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Identifier

This starts with a valid character. It is recommended to avoid starting with a number, it is case sensitive, and special characters are not allowed with the exception of underscore and dollar sign.

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Undefined Data Type

Denotes a variable that has been declared but not initialized.

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Null

Represents an intentional absence of any value.

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Symbols

Represents unique and immutable values.

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Operators

Have 6 types that allows you to perform different tasks in JavaScript.

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Arithmetic Operators

These operators perform mathematical operations on numbers.

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Assignment Operators

These operators are used to assign values to variables.

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Comparison Operators

These operators compare values and return a boolean result.

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String Operators

The operators is used for concatenation or to join strings together.

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Logical Operators

These operators are used for logical operations

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Ternary Operators

These operators allow you to write concise conditional statements. It takes three operands: a condition, a result for true, and a result for false.

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prompt()

This method shows a pop-up dialog box containing a message, an input field for the user to type their input, and two buttons: ‘OK’ and ‘Cancel’.

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if statement

This statement allows you to execute a block of code if a specified condition evaluates to true.

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if and else statement

These statements allows you to execute different blocks of code based on a condition.

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if and else if statement

These statements allow you to test multiple conditions sequentially and execute the corresponding block of code for the first true condition.

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switch statement

This statement provides an efficient way to handle multiple cases based on the value of an expression. It evaluates and compares it against various cases. If a match is found, the corresponding block of code is executed.

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for loop

This loop allows you to execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations.

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while loop

This loop executes a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true.

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do-while loop

This loop executes the code block at least once, and then continues as long as the specified condition is true.

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