Cancer exam topic 3 and 4

What is the difference between G-actin and F-actin?

G-actin is GLOBULAR, F-actin is FILAMENT

List a few actin-binding proteins:

\-ARP2/3 complex

\-tropomodulin

\-myosin V

\-Catenin and Vinculin

What is treadmilling?

When there is actin de-polarization and polymerization occuring at the same time.

Why is targetting actin not possible for cancer drugs?

Too Toxic to the cells, not specific to actin in cancers

What is a tubulin dimer composed of?

1 alpha tubulin + 1 beta tubulin

Beta-tubulin is a …?

GTPase

List a few microtubule associated proteins:

Kinesin

Dynein

Towards which end does Kinesin walk towards?

\+

Towards which end does Dynein walk towards?

\-

What do Dyneins need to walk?

ATP

What are Taxanes?

Microtubule-stabilizing agents

What is an example of a microtubule-destabilizing agent?

Vinca Alkaloids

True or False “Intermediate filaments need ATP or GTP”

False

Name a few intermediate filament associated proteins:

Plectin and nesprin

What is the size of septin diameter?

5nm

What are septins?

GTPase proteins

what is septin 9 used for?

Testing for colorectal cancer in blood test

What is septin 4 used for?

Testing for urothelial cancer using urine test

name two proteins associated with septin

BORG and cdc42

Actin pairs with…?

Septin

Microtubules pairs with ...?

Intermediate filaments

CDK1 is also known as…?

Cyclin B

CDK2 is also known as …?

Cyclin A and cyclin E

CDK4-6 is also known as …?

Cyclin D

Does WEE1 inhibit or activate CDK1?

Inhibit

What is WEE1?

A kinase

Fill in the blank. The cell cycle is regulated by the ……

Proteasome

What are APC/C Cdh1 AND APC/Cdc20

Ubiquitin Ligases

HPV protein E6 degrades

p53

HPV protein E7 binds to

Rb

At which check point is CDK1 (cyclin B present?)

G2/M checkpoint

Are G0 cells Ki67 positive or negative?

Negative

What is Senescence?

A permanent cell cycle arrest

Which filaments are polarized?

Actin and microtubules

What are CAF?

Cancer associated fibroblasts

What is the role of CAF?

facilitate the progression of metastatic tumors by depositing and remodeling the ECM

What is TEP?

Tumour-educated platelets

What is the role of TEP?

Platelets educated by the tumour to enable the circulation of cancer cells from the blood stream to the site of the tumour

What are the three hallmarks related to cancer cell death?

1\.Sustaining proliferative signaling

2. Evading growth suppressors

3. Enabiling replicative immortality.

What is Myc?

Myc is a proto-oncogene