Timothy Pendleton Basketball Highlights

swallow

Teeth chew food to make it easy to \______.

mouth, esophagus

The tongue moves food around the \______ and into the opening in the \______.

esophagus, stomach

Muscles in the \______ move food into the \______.

30

The digestive system is nearly \__ feet long.

8, gallon

There are around \__ pounds of bacteria in the gut, which is around 1 \______.

skeletal, smooth

The tongue is made out of \______ muscle, whereas the esophagus is \______ muscle.

incisors, tear, crush

______ cut, canines ______ , and molars ______.

peristalsis

Involuntary muscle movements that push food and waste through the digestive tract

expands, contracts

The stomach \______ and \______ to hold food and to break the food into smaller pieces.

stomach muscles

\______ \______ are located in the wall and help to break down food.

stomach lining

What produces gastric juices that help break down food and bacteria?

4

Food spends around \__ hours in the stomach.

acid, bacteria

The stomach produces and contains \______ which is a chemical that works to break down other chemicals (such as food and \______).

sphincter

A round muscle that controls the flow of food/waste in the digestive tract.

esophageal, pyloric

The top stomach sphincter is known as the \______ sphincter, where as the bottom one is known as the \______ sphincter

small, nutrients

The \______ intestine further breaks down food received from the stomach so the body can absorb all the \______.

pancreas, liver, gallbladder

The \______, \______, and \______ aid in breaking down food by sending different gastric juices to the small intestine.

juices

The pancreas produces \______ (the answer is not enzymes) that help the body digest fats and proteins.

bile

The liver produces \______.

fats, bloodstream

Bile helps absorb \______ into the \______.

bile

The gallbladder stores any extra \______ for later us.

enzymes, acid

Pancreatic juices include ______, a substance for neutralizing stomach ______, and insulin.

enzyme

A protein that does something (most proteins are only for structure).

starch

\______ is a long chain of glucose molecules.

true

True or false; food never touches your liver, pancreas, and the gallbladder.

nutrients, wastes

The liver filters \______ by removing harmful substances and \______.

bile, small

The liver turns some of the waste into \______ which can either go to be stored in the gallbladder or straight to the \______ intestine.

bloodstream

Nutrients filtered by the liver are then sent through the \______ to the rest of the body.

detoxifies, bile, glycogen

The liver ______ the blood, produces ______, and forms ______ (a long chain of glucose).

alimentary

The food tube is known as the \______ canal.

liquid

The large intestine removes the parts of \______ food from the small intestine which can't be used for the body.

water, blood

The colon removes the remaining \______ and some of the remaining minerals from the liquid. These materials are then absorbed into the \______.

rectum

The \______ stores the solid waste until it is "expelled."

20, 5

The small intestine is 15-\__ feet long, whereas the small intestine is __-10 feet long.

transverse

The three parts of the colon are the ascending, \______, and descending colon.

11.5

How many liters of fluid pass through intestines every day?

urine

Which is not one of the 6 sources of liters in our body: food/drink, saliva, acid, mucus, urine, pancreatic juices, and bile

1

Only 0.\__ liters comes out as waste.

digestion, absorption

What are the two functions of the digestive system?

enzymes

The mouth uses \______ to digest the starch in foods.

amylase

Which enzyme breaks starch into glucose?

gastric, enzymes

The stomach churns the food and mixes it with mucus and \______ juices that contain \______ to further break down food.

pancreas, liver

Enzymes of the \______ and \______ combine in the small intestine to further digestion.

carbohydrates

Pancreatic enzymes break down \______, fats, and proteins.

water, feces

The large intestine removes \______ from the food and creates \______.

teeth, saliva

The mechanical aspect of the mouth are the ______, and the chemical aspect is ______.

false

True or False; bile is a kind of enzyme.

muscles, acid

The mechanical parts of the stomach are the ______, while the chemical aspect is the ______.

mechanical, pancreatic

While the small intestine does not contain any \______ features, it does include both bile and \______ enzymes.

80, 20

__% of stored energy is fats, while __% is carbs.

some, sugars, salt

The stomach absorbs ______ water, ______, and salt.

vitamins, minerals, proteins

The small intestine absorbs ______, ______, carbs, and ______.

most

The large intestine absorbs \______ water.

30

How many tons are eaten by the average person in their lifetime?

carbohydrates

Sugar, starch, glucose, and glycogen are all examples of what?

chronic, acute

\______ means something is consistent and lasts a long time, while \______ is sudden and intense.

chronic, acid, esophagus, esophageal

Gerd is a ______ disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The most common symptom is heartburn, which is incorrectly named due to it actually being stomach ______ entering the ______. This can happen when the ______ sphincter is weakened.

sticking

Dysphagia is the sensation of food \______ in the esophagus.

bleed, O, stress

Ulcers are a hole in the stomach lining (or anywhere else in the body) that ______*.* This can be caused by excess salt intake, aspirin, and even type __ blood. ______ does not cause ulcers, however it can make them worse.

sugar, water

Mucus is \______ and \______.

irritable bowel disease, absorb, underweight

\______ \______ \______ is a name given to a group of diseases that cause the bowels (the intestines) to become red and swollen. When the bowels swell, they don't \______ nutrients or water as well. Those with this are often \______.

water, laxatives, fiber

Constipation is caused by too much \______ being absorbed. \______ can help by relaxing the bowels, however the best way to get rid of this disease is by exercising more and consuming more \______.

opposite, dysentery

Diarrhea is the \______ of constipation. There are many causes, and Amoebic \______ kills many people each year.

disorder, large, bowels

Irritable bowel syndrome is a ______, not a disease. It primarily affects the ______ intestine. This is caused when ______ contract too much. No harm is done, however their is excruciating pain.

liver, infection, alcohol

Hepatitis is the inflammation of the ______. It is either caused by an ______ or ______ abuse.

liver

Hepa\=

swelling

itis\=

3, oral, recover, washing, hands

Hepatitis A affects 1 out of ever \__ Americans in their lifetime, and it is primarily caused by the fecal-\______ route. Most people \______ without treatment, and it can be prevented by \______ your \______.

widespread, vaccine, sexual

Hepatitis B is the most ______ Hepatitis virus and can be prevented with a ______. It is most commonly spread through blood contact, ______ contact, and childbirth.

chronic, blood

Hepatitis C is ______ __*,*__ and it is not related to any other Hepatitis diseases, and this one is almost always transmitted by ______.

rare

Hepatitis D and E are both pretty \______.

gastric

Stomach cancer, also known as \______ cancer, can be formed in any part of the stomach.

metastatic

Although liver cancer can start in the liver, \______ liver cancer is the most common type (liver cancer that has been given from another part of the body).

50, adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic cancer typically affects those over \__ years old, and the most common type is \______.

tissue, radiation, toxins, dividing

Surgery works to cut out cancerous ______, radiation therapy uses intense/focused ______ to kill cells, and chemotherapy floods the body with the amount of ______ to kill cancer cells and not normal cells (cancer cells are weaker due to them constantly ______).

carcinogenic

\______ \= cancer causing

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

What are the 3 parts of the small intestine in order?