phonology pack 1 - part 1

Which is the low-mid back vowel?

/ɔ/

Which is a morpho-phonological pattern?

metre [ij] ~ metric [ɔ]

Which is is labio-dental?

/f/

Can we analyse Clear L [l] and Dark L [l] as phonemes?

No, because their distribution is complementary, they do not contrast meaning

The vocal fold can only vibrate if

the air pressure below the glottis is higher than above it

The capitalized obstruent is fully voiced except in one. Which?

Demon

In which of the following words is the final -ed pronounced [t]?

banked

In wich word is the capitalized stop (strongly) aspirated?

beTween

Is the capitalized /t/ in leT Eve do her homework aspirated?

no, /t/ is word-final, and aspiration does not apply across a word boundary

In the words below the capitalized stop is after a fortis fricative. In which word can the stop be aspirated?

disCourage

Which capitalized /p/ can be glottalized?

sleeP

Consider the /t/ in these words: batman, bat, battle, bitter. If a speaker replaces the /t/ with a glottal stop in bitter, they will also likely to replace it in…

all the other words

Based on the glottaling experiment discussed in the set text…

only working class students glottalled before a pause in reading style

In which of the following words can be capitalised T Not be flapped in American English?

afTer

Why do we transcribe the n in frank with the velar nasal /ŋ/ (/fraŋk/)

Because the velarity of the nasal is not predictable in other words

In one of the words, the capitalized G is NOT pronounced. Which one?

younGish

In which word can the capitalized sound becomme syllabic?

famiLy

The words hungry and Hungary may be homophonous (=pronounced the same way). Why?

because of syncope

In which case is the first sound more sonorous than the second?

1. /l/ 2./n/

Can there ever be a dark L before a vowel?

Yes, but only if the L is syllabic

If an English accent /r/ is pronounced before a pause, then it will be pronounced before

all vowels but not necessarily before consonants

The word literal can be pronounced as [litərl]. Why is the /r/ pronounced?

it is before a syllabic consonant

Which of these is NOT a rhotic accent of English?

Australian English

The word bard is pronounced as [bard] in Scottish Standard English but as [ba:d] in CUBE. this vowel change is called

Broadening

…eventually lead to the rise of centring diphtongs

Breaking

Which word shows the effect of the process ‘Smoothing’?

hear

Between which of the following words is it possible to insert an /r/?

visa application

Which word exemplifies ‘CiV Shortness’?

familiar

In which word is the spelling less regular, i.e. the sound sequence less predictable than in the others?

lose /luwz/

All these words are pronounced with the stressed vowel /uw/ but in one of them there used to be a /j/ before it which was later dropped. Which one?

super