13 gene flow

gene flow/migration

the movement of alleles into a population

migration rate (M)

the proportion of migrants in a population AFTER migration has occurred

dispersal

movement of gametes/individuals

natal dispersal

the movmement of juveniles away from their birthplace

breeding dispersal

movement of adults from one breeding site to another

active dispersal

creature directs its own movement

passive dispersal

elements disperses (like wind)

How does dispersal distance vary?

it varies on species

metapopulation

smaller populations connected by migration

deme

the mating neighborhood where most of your mates originate from

fixation index

summarizes genetic population differences

isolation-by-distance

distances reduces gene flow

genetic rescue

human-mediated gene flow

how does dispersal mode and distance influence gene flow?

populations with greater dispersal abilities, particularly over longer distances, experience higher rates of gene flow

how do migration and isolation influence allele frequencies and the fixation index?

Migration, often reducing genetic differentiation between populations. Isolation, conversely, allows populations to diverge genetically due to random genetic drift, increasing genetic differentiation and leading to higher fixation indices

what is the logic of genetic rescue?

introducing new genetic variation through immigration or other means can mitigate inbreeding depression, improve adaptation to changing environments, and reduce the risk of extinction