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What’s the difference between folk and popular culture Give an example of each.
Folk culture refers to the traditional practices, customs, and beliefs of a specific group of people, often passed down through generations. An example of folk culture is the celebration of Diwali in India, while popular culture encompasses mainstream trends and mass-produced entertainment, such as pop music or blockbuster movies.
What’s an example of relocation diffusion? Why?
Relocation diffusion is the spread of cultural traits through the movement of people. An example is the spread of pizza from Italy to the United States, as Italian immigrants brought their culinary traditions with them. This is an example of relocation diffusion because pizza is often thought of as an American staple, especially in cities like New York (which has a high amount of Italian immigrants) despite the fact it originated from Italy. As Italians migrated to America, they brought their beloved pizza with them. Now, pizza is a mainstream American meal. Another example is the introduction of sushi to Western countries, where it has become a popular dish, despite being from Asia.
What’s an example of contagious diffusion? Why?
Contagious diffusion is the spread of cultural traits through direct contact or proximity among individuals. An example is the rapid popularity of social media trends, which spread quickly among users as they share content with friends and followers.
What’s an example of stimulus diffusion? Why?
Stimulus diffusion occurs when a cultural trait spreads and is adapted or modified by another culture. An example is the adaptation of Mexican food by American cuisine, where traditional dishes like tacos and burritos are altered to suit local tastes, such as adding cheese or using different ingredients. This is often referred to as TexMex cuisine, which blends Mexican and American culinary elements.
What’s an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Hierarchical diffusion is the spread of cultural traits from larger or more influential nodes to smaller or less influential ones. An example is the adoption of fashion trends, which often start in major cities like New York or Paris or celebrities like Taylor Swift or Beyonce promote fashion trends to other people or cities who are less influential.
What’s the difference between acculturation and assimilation? Provide an example for both
Acculturation refers to the process of someone from one culture adoptings aspects of another culture, essentially blending the two together. Assimilation is the complete adoption of a dominant culture, causing the loss of the culture of origin. This can be done forcefully, or done because one views it will be beneficial to their life in their new country. An example of Acculturation would be speaking the new language of the new country while still retaining the knowledge of the country of origin’s language, whereas assimilating would be refusing to use the origin language and only using the new country’s language.
Make a list of three reasons as to why English is a lingua franca today
Britain had a lot of colonies and when these colonies became independent, they already knew the English language so therefore a lot of countries that speak English as their first language kept speaking English for the sake of convenience.
America after the American Revolution became a dominant power in the world that did a lot of worldwide business and had a lot of money. If one wanted to be a part of the business world and do business with the Americans, other countries started learning English to get a stake in that market.
When the internet first became available, it was only in English because it was an American invention. When it started spreading worldwide, English continued to be the most common language spoken on the internet, which is still true today.
What major world religions are ethnic religions?
Judaism ,Hinduism, and Shinto
What major world religions are universalizing religions?
Christianity, Buddhism, Islam and Sikhism
What major world religions are polytheistic religions?
Hinduism and Shinto
What major world religions are monotheistic religions?
Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and Sikhism
Culture
The shared beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, and technologies of a society.
What are the 3 cultural traits?
Artifacts, Sociofacts, and Mentifacts
artifacts
Visible, physical objects created by a culture
sociofacts
The ways in which a society behaves and organizes institutions
mentifacts
The ideas, beliefs, values and knowledge of a culture
cultural relativism
An unbiased way of viewing another culture. Promotes peace between cultures
Etnocentrism
Judging one’s culture by the standards of your own culture. Promotes the view that your culture is superior to others.
Cultural Landscape
A natural landscape that has been modified by humans, reflecting their cultural beliefs and values.
The landscape in Minnesota would most likely reflect the Swedish culture in these northern rural areas because that’s where the highest percent of Americans with Swedish ethnicity are.
The indigenous groups care about the land and care about keeping the earth safe whereas Brazil which is part of popular culture cares less about the earth and more about maximisation of space and trying to handle their larger population.
Why does deforestation impact popular culture
Popular culture has become so dependent on taking resources from the earth that we waste a lot of what we use and don’t appreciate what we have because it is so accessible to us. Eventually we will cut down too many trees and have no more trees to cut down and have to start saving our resources and saving the earth we have been destroying.
Ethnicity
a sense of belonging or identity within a group of people bound by common ancestry and culture. This is different from someone’s race.
How can language can be a centripetal force
If people speak the same language communication is strengthened and a community has more things in common
How language can be a centrifugal force
If people speak different languages from others it can cause a dividation between two cultures and can lead to the exclusion and isolation of certain people.
Explain what historical event and what kind of diffusion is the reason for why Christianity became the dominant religion in Mexico
Christianity became the dominant religion in Mexico because it relocated to Mexico because of the Spanish colonisation of Mexico. The king of Mexico then became Christian and spread it through Hierarchical diffusion.
What are colonialism and imperialism? How did they impact diffusion?
Imperialism is the dominance of one country over another country through diplomacy or force. Colonialism is when a powerful country established settlements in a less powerful country for economic and/or political gain. This impacted diffusion because as countries colonised new places, their thoughts and values were spread to these new locations.
What is neocolonialism? Provide an example
Neocolonialism is a term used to show how modern colonisation can happen through political and other methods. An example of this would be the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
globalisation
the trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world without regard to borders or barriers
What is the difference between a pidgin language and a creole language?
A pidgin language is a combination of 2 different languages that are using the vocabulary and syntax sentence structure of each language to communicate with people. A creole language is a Pidgin language that has been taught to the next generation and is now spoken as a language of origin.
The state of California, often considered a hearth of environmental laws, will be the first state to ban plastic straws. Which of the following statements best describes the likely spread of this environmental practice?
A. This practice will likely spread via social media and stimulus diffusion when other states enact identical laws banning plastic straws.
B. As regional news organizations report on the ban, this practice will likely spread through contagious diffusion only to western states adjacent to California.
C. Strong lobbying by the plastics industry will likely curtail the diffusion of the ban, and this practice will be limited to California.
D. Similar environmental laws will likely spread through stimulus diffusion to other states via political activism.
E. This practice will likely spread via hierarchical diffusion when the president of the United States signs an executive order banning plastic straws in all states.
D
Culture hearth
geographic origin of a culture or cultural trait
What are 3 examples of culture hearths
Kurgan Warrior and Anatolian Farmer Hearths for IndoEuropean Language family
Israel Hearth for Christianity
Mecca and Medina Hearths for Islam
why do some languages diffuse all over the world while others don’t
If the country where the cultural hearth for a certain language likes to travel and is less isolated from the rest of the world, the language will spread and reach more people. Languages that are in countries that are more isolated are going to stay isolated.
Acculturation
people within one culture adopt some traits from the other culture
Assimilation
one culture abandons their original culture and adopts another culture.
Syncretism
two culture’s traits blend together and form a new cultural trait. Most common type is religious syncretism
Multiculturalism
The acceptance and tolerance of many different cultures which exist in close proximity to one another. Can even be written into a country’s law.
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