hyper sensitivity inc

hypersensitivity

Reaction where antigen persists and immune response causes damage to host.

• exaggerated response to a typically

  harmless antigen that results in tissue injury, disease, or even death

Type I hypersensitivity

also known as anaphylactic hypersensitivity

• AKA allergies

• Symptoms: fever allergic asthma, hives, and systemic anaphylaxis

• Short time span

allergens

antigens that trigger type I hypersensitivity are

called _

passive cutaneous anaphylaxis

• redness and swelling at the site exposure

• occurs when serum is

  transferred from an allergic individual to a non-allergic individual, and the

  second individual is challenged at a later time with the specific allergen

IgE

least abundant antibody class in the serum,

normally accounting for less than 1% of all the immunoglobulins

• play a major role in type I hypersensitivity

  allergic reactions and in defense against parasites

Type II hypersensitivity

also known as antibody-mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Type III hypersensitivity

also known as complex-mediated hypersensitivity

Type IV hypersensitivity

also known as cell-mediated hypersensitivity

True

True/false: Hypersensitivity types I, II, and III are mediated by antibodies. Because symptoms of these types develop within a few minutes to a few hours after exposure to the inducing antigen, they are also known as immediate hypersensitivity reactions

B cells

Plasma cells

IgE is primarily synthesized by _

Type IV hypersensitivity

Sensitized T cells mediate this category

• manifestations do not appear 24-48hrs

• Delayed hypersensitivity

FcεRI

IgE antibody produced attaches to high-affinity receptors called called _, which bind the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of the epsilon heavy chain

histamine

• most abundant preformed mediator

• approximately 10% of the total weight of the granules in mast cells.

Heparin

Histamine

Primary mediators

Fx: Smooth muscle contraction,

vasodilation, increased

vascular permeability

ECF-A

NCF-A

Primary mediator type 1

Fx: Chemotactic for eosinophils

Proteases/tryptase/chymase

Primary mediators Convert C3 to C3b, stimulate

mucus production, activate

cytokine