Muscular System: Key Muscles, Actions, and Structures for Anatomy, Anatomy of Muscles: Arm, Spine, Abdomen, Thigh, and Leg

Frontalis

elevates eyebrows

Occipitalis

draws scalp back posteriorly

Orbicularis oculi

closes eyelids

Orbicularis oris

closes and protrudes the mouth

Buccinator

compresses the cheek

Zygomaticus

elevates the side of the mouth

Temporalis

Elevates the mandible

Masseter

Next to gland; Elevates the mandible

Sternocleidomastoid

Flexes the cervical vertebral column

Pectoralis minor

Depresses the scapula

Levator scapulae

elevates the scapula

Serratus anterior

abducts and stabilizes scapula

Trapezius

Rotates, adducts, and stabilizes the scapula

Rhomboideus major

Rotates, adducts, and stabilizes Scapula

Rhomboideus minor

Rotates, adducts, and stabilizes scapula

Coracobrachialis

Next to vein; Flexes and adducts the arm

Pectoralis major

Flexes, adducts, medially rotates arm

Latissimus dorsi

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Deltoid

Abducts the arm

Biceps brachii

Flexes the forearm and arm; supination of forearm

Brachialis

Flexes the forearm

Triceps brachii

Extends the forearm

Flexor carpi radialis

Near radius; Flexes the hand

Palmaris longus

Goes to palm; Flexes the hand

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexes the hand, wrist, and fingers

Extensor digitorum

Goes to digits; Extends the fingers and hand

External oblique

Compresses the abdomen

Rectus abdominis

Abs; Compresses the abdomen

Gluteus maximus

Extends and laterally rotates the thigh

Sartorius

Adducts the thigh

Biceps brachii

Flexes the forearm and arm; supination of forearm

Brachialis

Flexes the forearm

Brachioradialis

Flexes the forearm

Triceps brachii

Extends the forearm

Anconeus

Extends the forearm

Pronator teres

Pronates the forearm

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexes the hand

Palmaris longus

Flexes the hand

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes the hand

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexes the hand, wrist, and fingers

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extends the hand

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extends the hand

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extends the hand

Extensor digitorum

Extends the fingers and hand

Sacrospinalis (Erector spinae)

Extends the spine

Diaphragm

Pulls central tendon inferiorly

External intercostal

Draws ribs together and raises them

Internal intercostal

Draws ribs together and lowers them

External oblique

Compresses the abdomen

Internal oblique

Compresses the abdomen

Transversus abdominis

Compresses the abdomen

Rectus abdominis

Compresses the abdomen

Tensor fascia latae

Flexes and medially rotates the thigh

Gluteus maximus

Extends and laterally rotates the thigh

Gluteus medius

Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Iliopsoas

Flexes the thigh

Sartorius

Flexes the thigh and leg

Quadriceps femoris

Flexes the thigh and extends the leg

Hamstrings

Flexes the leg and extends the thigh

Tibialis anterior

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

Fibularis longus

Plantar flexes and everts the foot

Gastrocnemius

Plantar flexes and inverts foot

Soleus

Plantar flexes the foot

Extensor digitorum longus

Extends toes

Flexor digitorum longus

Flexes the toes