10/10-10/11 Russo Social studies

Industrialization

moving farming to manufacturing (making goods through tools)

Urbanization

growth of cities

Industry

a money activity that deals with processing basic materials and creating of products

Revolution

a major change

industrial revolution

A time period beginning in the 1700s in Britain when machines took the place of many hand tools

Capitalist

people who invested in a capital or money to earn a profit

Factory system

bringing people and machines together, working together in one place at the same time

steam factory

a reliable source of power

Lowell system

a way of organizing different stages of production in a single building/area

Factory system improvement

workers had to keep up with machines which made them speed up the pace of work

factory system negatives

workers couldn’t work from home

workers couldn’t go at their own pace

Steam factory improvements-

didn’t need to be near water and labor was easier to find because factories were near cities.

Steam factory cons

possible pollution in rivers

Lowell system pro

Making things more efficient.

More goods made in shorter time.

Lowell system cons

Women were over worked and little pay.

Industry town

Everyone living in a certain town that works for the factories dealing with a certain industry

industry town pros

making things more efficient

more things made in a shorter time

industry town cons

pollution to the environment

mass production

the rapid manufacture of large numbers of mechanical / identical objects

mass production pros

making things for efficient, more things made in a shorter time

mass production cons

items were no longer unique

interchangeable parts

identical pieces that could be assembled quickly by unskilled workers

Interchangeable parts pros

making things more efficient, more things made in a short time

interchangeable parts cons

none

British Samuel Slater

memorized Britain’s industrialization secrets and plans used them to build textile mills/factories

“Lowell” girls

lived in boarding houses under strict supervision, many women gained an education

Power provided system

people/horses → flowing water → steam engines

1783

-end of American Revolution, America is officially a country/new nation with 13 states

1803

Louisiana territory

1804

every state North of Ohio river abolished slavery, con. slavery in the south

1807

Britain ended slave trade

1812

war of 1812 - the U.S. fought Britain, they stopped supplying the U.S.

1830s-1850s

immigration rapidly grew population of the East Coast = encouraged westward migration due to over population

Why did Britain keep industrialization secrets?

they didnt want anyone else making as much money

what happend to the slaves after the north states of ohio river became slave free?

some free blacks and escpaed slaves came to the north for opportunities in cities and factories, they added to urbanization

manufacturing by using machinery improved ________ and led to?

farming, led to jobs to textile instead of agriculture

Capitalists are needed for?

factory system to pay for buildings and machines to start the factories

what is the problem with building factories on the riverbank

dry season machines had no power, labor was hard to find in farm areas

Industrialization started where and why?

northeast, that’s where merchants that had money to invest in factories

Before industrialization transportation

foot

horses

wagons

human and wind powered boats and ships

Before industrialization most farming was?

done by hand

Before industrial revolution jobs for men and women

men worked on fields

women helped in fields, made clothes, candles, soaps, and goods

Conditions for children working in the 1700s

ages 7 and up

unsafe conditions

schooling was limited or not at all

10-6 hours per day on avg.

minimum wage- maybe a few dollars per week

adult conditions for working in the 1700s

poor lighting

little fresh air

10-16 hours per day on avg.

dangerous machinery/tools to complete jobs

injured workers were fired and not given any disability payments

children condition for working in the 2000s

allowed to work at ages 14 and up

safe conditions

up to 8 hours per day, less if under 16

schooling is required until age of 18, (16 if signed out by a guardian)

minimum wage- 15.13 per hour in NJ

adults condition for working in the 2000s

safe and confrontable

8 hours per day avg.

safe machinery that does the job and minimize injuries

injured workers usually keep their job and are paid disability payments