Lecture 16 - Equine Science

Flashcards about Equine Science

Stud/Stallion

A male horse that has not been castrated

Gelding

A male horse that has been castrated

Mare

A female horse

Filly

Under 2 yoa female horse

Colt

Under 2 yoa intact male horse

Foal

Either sex, baby-1 yoa

Yearling

Either sex, between 1-2 yoa

Weanling

Either sex, weaning age (4-7 moa)

Horse Industry

Industry that includes Agriculture, Sports, Recreation, and Entertainment

"Horse People"

Aspects of the horse industry including: Business, Leisure, Agriculture, and Therapy

Difference between Horses and other Livestock

Horses do not provide food or fiber (in U.S); many owners bond with their horses.

Former uses of horses

Former uses were as beasts of burden, means of transportation, and in war.

Modern uses of horses

Today horses are used for recreation, sport, logging, farming, police work, and food.

Horses in US

Approximately 9.2 million in 2017

Racing Horses (2017)

~850,000

Showing Horses (2017)

2.7 million

Recreation Horses (2017)

3.9 million

People involved in the horse industry (2017)

4.6 million

Impact of horses on US economy (2017)

$102 billion

Companion vs Agricultural Animal Considerations

Taxes, Anti-cruelty laws, housing, injury, teaching, insurance, and slaughter.

Arabians Defining Characteristic

Small, dished head with wide-set eyes and small muzzles.

Arabian Neck

Long and arched

Arabian tail

High set, arched tail

Arabian History

Breed has been around for 2000 years or more

Arabian Use

Great for endurance

Arabian arrival to US

Came to US by General Ulysses S. Grant who was given two from the Middle East

Thoroughbred Description

Long, tall horses with long, smooth muscling bred and raised to run.

Thoroughbred locations

Kentucky, California, and Florida

Thoroughbred Development

Developed for speed - racers

Thoroughbred speed characteristic

Stride length 20 ft and 40 mph

Thoroughbred retirement

Retire to polo, hunters, and jumpers

Quarter Horse Origin

Native to the US

Quarter Horse Popularity

1 in numbers registered

Quarter Horse Association

AQHA

Quarter Horse Temperament

Good dispositions, Smart, Agreeable

Quarter Horse Colors

Come in all types of colors

Appaloosa Origin

Palouse River of the northwestern United States

Appaloosa Ancestry

Spanish horses that were brought to Mexico about 1600

Appaloosa Characteristic #1

Eye is encircled with white

Appaloosa Characteristic #2

Skin is mottled around nostrils

Appaloosa Characteristic #3

Hooves are striped vertically in black and white

Appaloosa Characteristic #4

Mane and tail are usually thin

Blanket Appaloosa

White area with spots, generally on butt

Leopard Appaloosa

Spots all over

American Saddlebred Origin

Developed in TN, KY, W V, VA, MO for easy-riding thru plantations and general purposes

American Saddlebred Early Name

First named Kentucky Saddlers

American Saddlebred Use

Used for show and pleasure

American Saddlebred characteristic

High carriage of the head

The Celebration Location

Shelbyville

Tennessee Walking Horse Activities

Field trials, trail rides, show

Tennessee Walking Horse Gait

Famous for running walk

Two basic Paint Horse types

Overo and Tobiano

Overo Marking - White

The white does not cross the back

Overo Marking - Legs

One or more legs are dark

Overo Marking - Face

Often bald-face (lots of white)

Tobiano Marking - White

White does cross the back

Tobiano Marking - Head

Head is marked like that of a solid-color horse

Tobiano Marking - Legs

All legs are white, at least below hocks and knees.

Divides the horse from the pony

14.2 hands

Shetland pony recognition

The pony most people think of when they think of a pony

Shetland pony height

Most are only 40 inches tall (10 hands)

Shetland pony color

Color unique to Shetlands is the silver dapple

Miniature horse height

The maximum height of a miniature horse is usually defined as 32 inches/some say 36 inches

Miniature horse use

Used as pets, shows, and will pull a small cart

Belgian origin

Belguim

Clydesdale Characteristics

Brown/Bay with 4 white socks w/feather fetlocks

Clydesdale origin

Scotland

Percheron color

Grey/Black

Percheron origin

Le Perche region of France

Bay Color

Light reddish, tan, dark brown, mahogany color with black points.

Black points location

Legs, muzzle, mane and tail, and tips of the ears

Palomino Coat

Gold-colored coat

Palomino Mane and Tail

White or light cream colored mane and tail

Dun Coat

Sandy yellow to reddish brown coat

Buckskin Color

Light to dark sandy or tan with all black points.

Gray Appearance

The foal appears to be a solid color (bay, ex)