Ch 1-4

Bubonic Plague

1347-1350, 25M dead, spread from rats/fleas coming from Sicily and Constantinople

Hundred years war

1337-1453, series of ongoing conflict between France et England

Battle of Agincourt

1415, France endured a civil war and England LOST

Joan of Arc

1412-1431, French peasant (Joan) presented herself to King Charles VII to declare God called her to stop the English siege of Orleans

The Great Schism

1378-1417, papacy returns to Rome briefly under Pope Gregory XI

Renaissance

1350-1600, the golden age/rebirth of Europe, started in Florence

Northern Renaissance

1500-1600, involved regions England, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands

Fall of 1517

Luther was angered by Pope Leo X’s indulgences so he posted the 95 theses

Habsburg-Valois wars

1521-1544, Charles V fought against French, Ottoman Empire, German Protestants

Peace of Augsburg

1555, formally acknowledged the division of the church, Lutheranism and Catholicism was on equal footing

Council of Trent

1545-1563, Pope Paul III made a council of Christendom, aimed to resolve religious differences among various groups and countries, hoped to create doctrines that convinced Protestants to rejoin the church

French Wars of Religion

1562-1598, French persecution of Calvinists (huguenots)

Edict of Nantes

1598, Catholicism was the official religion of France but Huguenots could worship in select areas

Age of exploration

15-17th century, Prince Henry (searched Africa), Batholomeu Diaz, (first to sail Cape of Good Hope), Vasco Du Gama (reached India and established a monopoly off the spice trade)

Spanish Conquest in the Americas

Started w/ Christopher Columbus arrival to the Caribbean, Conquistadors established several Spanish colonies, widespread disease, and catholic conversion

Slave trade

1500s-1860s, The Middle East was primary market of slave trade, triangular trade connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas, Middle passage was the journey of slaves from Africa to americas for 100 days