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thermostat
a device used to regulate temperature
bimetallic strip
Strips of two metals having different coefficients of thermal expansion are bonded along their lengths
Thermal property
refers to the response of a material to the application of heat.
Heat capacity
represents the quantity of heat required to produce a unit rise in temperature for 1 mole of a substance
specific heat
quantity of heat required to produce a unit rise in temperature for 1 mole of a substance on a per-unit-mass basis,
phonon
a single quantum of vibrational energy
Thermal expansion
reflected by an increase in the average interatomic separation, which is a consequence of the asymmetric nature of the potential energy–versus– interatomic spacing curve trough
lower
The larger the interatomic bonding energy, the _____ the coefficient of thermal expansion
polymers
Values of coefficients of thermal expansion for _____ are typically greater than those for metals and ceramic materials
thermal conduction
The transport of thermal energy from high- to low-temperature regions of a material
heat
For solid materials, ____ is transported by free electrons and by vibrational lattice waves (phonons)
ceramics and polymers
_____ and _______ are poor thermal conductors because free-electron concentrations are low and phonon conduction predominates.
high thermal conductivities
The _______________ for relatively pure metals are due to the large numbers of free electrons and the efficiency with which these electrons transport thermal energy.
Thermal stresses
introduced in a body as a consequence of temperature changes, may lead to fracture or undesirable plastic deformation.
Heat capacity
indicates a material’s ability to absorb heat from the external surroundings; it represents the amount of energy required to produce a unit temperature rise.
Specific heat
represents the heat capacity per unit mass and has various units
phonon
a single quantum of vibrational energy
linear coefficient of thermal expansion
material property that is indicative of the extent to which a material expands upon heating and has units of reciprocal temperature
thermal shock
fracture as a consequence of nonuniform dimensional changes
thermal conductivity
property that characterizes the ability of a material to transfer heat
Thermal stresses
stresses induced in a body as a result of changes in temperature.