11. Raja et al. 2020

Introduction

Pain: an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage

Although tissue injury is a common antecedent to pain, pain can be present even when tissue damage is not discernible
Different definitions of pain
Criticisms:
- Redundant
- Outdated
- Lacks precision

Pain: an aversive sensory and emotional experience typically caused by, or resembling that caused by, actual or potential tissue injury

Pain is always a subjective experience that is influenced to varying degrees by biological, psychological, and social factors
Pain and nociception are different phenomena: the experience of pain cannot be reduced to activity in sensory pathways
Through their life experiences, individuals learn the concept of pain and its applications
A person’s report of an experience as pain should be accepted as such and respected
Although pain usually serves an adaptive role, it may have adverse effects on function and social and psychological well-being
Verbal description is only one of several behaviours to express pain; inability to communicate does not negate the possibility that a human or a nonhuman animal experiences pain

Creation of a chronic pain classification: ICD-11
A revised definition of pain is very timely and aligns with current efforts to advance ontological frameworks within which pain resides
We must recognize pain as an important health condition and this will transform pain research and the care of persons with pain worldwide