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John Smith
-strong leader in Jamestown
-created peace between the colony and the Native Americans
Nathaniel Bacon
-started a private army\
-Bacon's Rebellion (which is the most hilarious name)
Separatists
-form of Puritans
-pilgrims
-founded Plymouth
Quakers
-religious group
-quite opposite of Puritans
-believed in equality
William Penn
-Quaker
-founded Pennsylvania
Joint-stock Company
-a group of investors work with the mother country to set up a government
-money and funds come from investors
Royal Colony
-one governor in charge, appointed by the king
-money and funds and such come from the king
Georgia Colony
Founded to create a barrier or buffer between the Spanish owned southern land and the Northern British owned land. It was the last of the original 13 colonies, founded by James Oglethorpe on April 21, 1732.
Why were the original colonies established?
Money (because why does anyone do anything)
-> most of the settlers were looking for gold that would be brought back to England. Yes, religion was a large factor, but money was a top priority
Where did settlers come from?
England
Describe the Jamestown settlement ("The Starving Time")
When the settlers came to Jamestown they were originally looking for gold. Their plan was to find gold, take it, and leave. But when they got to the New World, there was no gold to be found. By that time however, it was winter and they had to stay there. Unfortunately, hardly anyone had the skills to settle so before they could bring in help (slaves), they went through a hard time of lack of food and resources known as the starving time
What were the main goals of the Puritans?
-They wanted to establish religious colonies where religion ran everyday life (no separation of church and state--very scary idea)
-> some examples are Plymouth and Massachusetts
Who could vote in colonial America?
Land-owning adult males (god bless white men, having everything since colonial times)
Salutary Neglect
an English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for the colonies' continued economic loyalty
Describe mercantilism
-The idea that the purpose of the colonies was to benefit the mother country--Britain
-Their job was to help Britain become wealthier
-Purely economic
Describe the Navigation Acts
-The navigation acts were a series of laws that tightened control over the colonies. They discouraged the colonies from doing any trade with countries other than England.
-England wanted colonies to be exclusive to them, there was extreme taxation on any goods that were traded with other countries
Indentured Servants
Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
What were major crops in the South?
Tobacco, rice, indigo
Which area is known as the 'bread basket'?
The middle colonies
What colony was a haven for debtors?
Georgia
Which colony did the Quakers establish?
Pennsylvania
Which colonies had religious toleration laws?
Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and eventually New York (when under British rule)
Describe the Northern economy
The economy in the north was focused in trade and industry, port cities, fur trade, whale hunting
Describe the Southern economy
The economy in the south was largely made up of staple crops (i.e. tobacco, rice, indigo) produced on large plantations, as well as slave trade
Describe the economy of the Middle colonies
A mix of the north and the south, mainly agriculture and farming. The middle colonies were known as the 'bread basket' because the farms produced grain, wheat, rye, corn, beans, etc.
What was the status of women in the colonies? (legal rights, daily activities, regional differences, etc.)
-single or widowed women could own land
-in the south women could run plantations
-in charge of household duties
->in the north religion played a large role so they didn't have as many rights, however in the south religion didn't play as large of a role
-Women had more rights in the Middle Colonies
What was the status of Africans in the colonies? (legal rights, daily activities, regional differences, etc.)
-very few rights
-worse in the south than the north
What was Bacon's rebellion?
The revolt against Virginia's government. They wanted to get rid of the Native Americans and they were also displeased with the government (unfair treatment of lower classes)
Describe and explain the Triangular Trade Route and the Middle Passage
It was the trade route between New England, West Africa, and the West Indies (see diagram in notes)
Navigation Acts
Acts passed in 1660 passed by British parliament to increase colonial dependence on Great Britain for trade; limited goods that were exported to colonies; caused great resentment in American colonies.
Great Awakening
Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.- People challenged Authority more
Middle Passage
A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
Pequot War
Conflict between English settlers and Pequot Indians over control of land and trade in eastern Connecticut
King Philip's War
longest and bloodiest conflict between settlers and natives in 17th century, native Wampanoags under KIng Phillip ( Indian Chieftain) resisted England encroachment on their land, they killed many settlers in Mass, English joined with Mohawks to defeat them
Cash crops in the south
cotton, rice, tobacco, and sugar cane
African contributions
okra, rice cultivation, creative language, call & response, watermelon, sweet potatoes, and yams. shotgun houses
Note
Flashcard