Regional anatomy MIDTERM

What is the origin of the trapezius (4)

Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line, EOP, Michal ligament, and SP C7-T12

What is the insertions of the trapezius (3)

lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

What is the nerve that innervates the trapezius

Spinal accessory nerve

What is the action of the trapezius

Elevate, retract, depress and superior rotation of the scapula

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi (3)

SP of T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, and iliac crest

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi

intertubercular groove of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi muscle (swimmers)

Extension, medial rotation, and adduction of the humerus

What is the origin of the levator scapula

transverse processes of C1-C4

What is the insertion of the levator scapula

Superior portion of medial border of scapula

What is the nerve that innervates the levator scapula

Dorsal scapular nerve

What is the action of the levator scapula

Elevate scapula (may assist with lateral flexion of the

cervical vertebrae if scapula is stationary)

What is the origin of the rhomboid minor

spinous processes of C7-T1

What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor

Medial border of the scapula at the level of the scapular spine

What nerve innervates the rhomboid minor

dorsal scapular nerve (C5 maybe 4)

What is the origin of the rhomboid major

spinous processes of T2-T5

What is the insertion of the rhomboid major

Medial border of scapula (Below rhomboid minor to inferior angle)

What is the nerve that innervates the rhomboid major

dorsal scapular nerve

What is the action of the rhomboid major and minor

Retracts scapula; rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly

What is the origin of the deltoid (3)

lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

What is the insertion of the deltoid

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the deltoids

Axillary nerve (C5-6)

What are the actions of the deltoid muscles

Extension, abduction, and flexion of the humerus

What is the origin of the supraspinatus

supraspinous fossa of scapula

What is the insertion of the supraspinatus

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the supraspinatus

suprascapular nerve (C5-6)

What is the action of the supraspinatus

Abduction of the humerus

What is the origin of the infraspinatus

infraspinous fossa of scapula

What is the insertion of the infraspinatus

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the infraspinatus

suprascapular nerve (c5-6)

What is the action of the infraspinatus

lateral rotation of humerus

What is the origin of the teres minor

middle part of lateral border of scapula

What is the insertion of the teres minor

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the teres minor

Axillary (C5-C6)

What is the action of the teres minor

lateral rotation of humerus

What is the origin of the subscapularis

subscapular fossa

What is the insertion of the subscapularis

lesser tubercle of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the subscapularis muscles

Upper and lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)

What is the action of the subscapularis muscles

Medial rotation of the humerus

What is the origin of the teres major

Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

What is the insertion of the teres major

intertubercular groove of humerus (medial)

What is the nerve that innervates the teres major

Lower subscapular nerve (C6-7)

What is the action of the teres major

adducts and medially rotates humerus

What is the serratus anterior origin

External lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

What is the nerve that innervates the serratus anterior

long thoracic nerve (c5-7)

What is the action of the serratus anterior

Protraction of scapula and stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis (SITS)

What is the origin off the subclavius muscle

Costal junction rib 1

What is the insertion of the subclavius muscle

Middle and distal portion of the clavicle

What is the nerve that innervates the subclavius

nerve to subclavius (C5-6)

What is the action of the subclavius nerve

Stabilize and depress clavicle

What is the origin of the pectoralis major

clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle and sternocostal head: anterolateral surface of the sternum and the upper 6 ribs

What is the insertion for the pectoralis major

intertubercular groove of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the pectoralis major

Lateral pectoral nerve to the clavicular head (C5-7) and the medial pectoral nerve to the sternocostal head (C8-T1)

What is the action of the pectoralis major

Adduction, medial rotation and flexion of the humerus

What condition is associated with impingement of the long thoracic nerve

Winging of the scapula

What is the origin of the pectoralis minor

Ribs 3-5 near Costocartilage junction

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor

coracoid process of scapula

What is the nerve that innervates the pectoralis minor

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

What is the action of the pectoralis minor

protracts and depresses scapula

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle

coracoid process of scapula

What is the insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle

Medial surface of humerus

What is the nerve that innervates the coracobrachialis

musculocutaneous nerve

What is the action of the coracobrachialis

Flexion and adduction of the humerus

What is the origin of the biceps brachii (short and long head)

Short head: coracoid process

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

What are the insertions of the biceps brachii

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

What is the nerve that innervates the biceps brachii

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

What is the action of the biceps brachii

Flexes and supinates forearm (may assist with flexion of the humerus)

What is the flow of arteries from proximal to distal down the arm (and what point it needs to cross in order for the name of the artery to change

Subclavian-axillary (after clavicle)- brachial (after the teres major)- radial and ulnar

What is the origin of the brachialis muscle

Distal half of anterior surface of humerus

What is the insertion of the brachialis muscle

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

What is the nerve that innervates the brachialis muscle

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-6)

What is the action of the brachialis

flexes forearm

What is the origin of the triceps brachii (long head, lateral head, and medial head)

LONG: infraglenoid tubercle

Lateral: posterior humerus

Medial: Posterior humerus

What is the insertion of the triceps brachii

olecranon process of ulna

What is the nerve that innervates the triceps brachii

radial nerve (C6-8)

What is the action of the triceps brachii

extends forearm

What is the origin of the anconeus

lateral epicondyle of humerus

What is the insertion of the anconeus

olecranon process of ulna and superior portion of ulna

What is the nerve that innervates the anconeus

Radial nerve (C7-T1)

What is the action of the anconeus

extends forearm

What is the origin of the brachioradialis

Lateral portion of distal humerus (supracondylar ridge)

What is the insertion of the brachioradialis

styloid process and distal 1/3 of radius

What is the nerve that innervates the brachioradialis

Radial nerve (C7-T1)

What is the action of the brachioradialis

flexes forearm

What is the origin of the pronation teres

Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

What is the insertion of the pronator teres

Lateral surface of radius

What is the nerve that innervates the pronator teres

Median nerve

What is the action of the pronator teres

Pronate and flexes forearm

What is the first layer of the anterior forearm muscle (PFFP)

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

What is the second layer of the anterior forearm muscles

flexor digitorum superficialis

What is third layer of the anterior forearm muscles

Flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus

What is the last layer (deepest) anterior forearm muscle

Pronator quadratus

What is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis

medial epicondyle of humerus

What is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis

base of 2nd metacarpal

What is the nerve that innervates the flexor carpi radialis

median nerve

What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis

flexes and abducts wrist

What is the origin of the palmaris longus

medial epicondyle of humerus

What is the insertion of the palmaris longus

flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis