“’Other than the Projects, You stay Professional’: Colorblind Cops and the Enactment of Spatial Racism in Routine Policing”

Legitimacy deficit

lack of trust and belief in police authority, especially in marginalized communities

Procedural justice

a concept focused on ensuring that police treat individuals fairly and respectfully, following consistent and transparent procedures

Legal estrangement

a sense of disconnection from the legal system, where communities feel the law and its agents are illegitimate and unresponsive

Legal cynicism

a cultural experience where marginalized communities view the legal system as unfair, ineffective, and unresponsive, often due to historical and structural inequalities

Spatial racism

The idea that racial inequality is reinforced by how space (e.g., neighborhoods, cities) is organized and policed, often resulting in segregation and unequal distribution of resources and opportunities based on race.

Social control

use of law enforcement to regulate and manage disfavored or marginalized groups, often reinforcing social and racial hierarchies

Implicit Bias

Unconscious biases that affect attitudes toward people based on race, leading to unequal treatment, often without awareness or intention.

Bad Apple Theory

The idea that police misconduct is the result of a few individual officers (the "bad apples") rather than being a systemic issue within the police force.

Systemic Racism

A broad pattern of inequality that is embedded in societal institutions, policies, and practices, often affecting marginalized racial groups.