Gs + Gi + Gq protein signaling

midterm review

what does Gs protein signaling do

Gs protein stimulates Adenylyl cyclase (AC), leading to the activation of protein kinase A and a cellular response

what effect does Gi protein signaling have on AC

Gi protein inhibits AC, reducing the production of cAMP and subsequent cellular responses

what is the role of AC in G signaling

AC converts ATP to cAMP, which activates protein kinase A, leading to various cellular responses

In Gq protein signaling, what does the enzyme PLC (phospholipase C) do

PLC cleaves a membrane phospholipid, producing DAG (diacylglcerol) and IP3 (inositol triphosphate)

what is the function of DAG in Gq protein signaling

DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC), which phosphorylates proteins to produce cellular responses

how does IP3 contribute to Gq protein signaling

IP3 binds receptoors on the endoplasmic reticulum, causing the release of Ca+2 ions into the cytoplasm

what cellular event is triggered by the release of Ca+2 from the endoplasmic reticulum in Gq signaling?

the release of Ca+2 can lead to various cellular responses, including muscle contraction and enzyme activation

what is the role of phosphodiesterase in Gs and Gi protein signaling pathways

phosphodiesterase breaks down cAMP, terminating the signaling pathway and the cellular response

what is protein kinase A’s role in the Gs signaling pathway

protein kinase A, once activated by cAMP, phosphorylates target proteins to elicit a cellular response

what does IP3 stand for, and where is it involved in G protein signaling

IP3 stands foor inositol triphosphate, and it is involved in the Gq signaling pathway, leading to the release of Ca+2 from the endoplasmic reticulum