biblical studies year 12

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Renaissance

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43 Terms

1

Renaissance

the beginning, a new discovery of old knowledge

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2

16th century catholic church

dominated European civilisation, both politically and religiously

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3

Pope

the head of the church, considered the voice of God (had more authority than the bible)

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4

The Bible

only in Latin and read by the priest (it was too sacred for a common person to read)

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5

Catholic hierarchy

monks/nuns, priests, bishops, cardnials, pope

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6

Rome

seat of power for the church and seen as the holy place

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7

Monks

took vows of poverty, chastity and obedience to their leaders (required to perform manual labour and were forbidden to own property

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8

Purgatory

the place of temporary punishment where, according to Catholic belief, souls go to work off their sins until they can reach heaven

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9

Martin Luther

was studying to become a lawyer when he had a near death experience and pledged himself to God to become a monk, became a professor in Wittenburg and spread ideas through the printing press

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10

Pope Leo X

aimed to rebuild St Peter’s Basilica, borrowed and spent money very freely causing a lot of debt causing him to sell indulgences to fund the project

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11

Indulgences

pieces of paper signed by the Pope and could be bought to guarantee less time in purgatory for oneself or family member

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12

Relics

pieces of religious paraphernalia which were supposed to grant you special access to God

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13

John Tetzel

began his work as a friar and preacher, but sold indulgences through fear and exaggeration

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14

95 Theses

a list of Martin Luther’s criticisms of the Church (including criticism of relics and the selling of indulgences)

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15

Heresy

an idea that goes against the teaching of the Church (could get excommunicated)

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16

Recant

to take back something said previously

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17

Prince Frederick of Saxony

local prince who ruled the area that Martin Luther lived (funding Luther’s position at university)

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18

Andreas Karlastad

a teacher of theology at Wittenburg university, a supporter of Luther

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19

Johann Von Stauptiz

supporter of Luther, sent him to study the Bible in Wittenburg, protected Luther from the pope and encouraged him

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20

Inquisition

a powerful and ruthless group set up by the medieval roman catholic church to find heretics and make them confess of recant

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21

Girolamo Aleander

tasked with inquiring into Luther’s heresy and bringing him to trial

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22

Cardinal Cajetan

tasked with inquiring into Luther’s heresy and bringing him to trial

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23

Charles V

head of the Holy Roman Empire, in charge of Luther’s trial

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24

Katharina von Bora

The wife of Martin Luther

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25

Sola Gratia translation

Grace Alone

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26

Sola Gratia definition

Salvation is all God’s initiative. We don’t ‘cooperate’ with God’s effort

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27

Sola Christi translation

Christ alone

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28

Sola Christi definition

Forgiveness can be found directly from Jesus. Don’t need to go through a priest or a church ritual

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29

Sola Scriptura translation

Scripture alone

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30

Sola Scriptura definition

The truth about God is found in the Bible which anyone can access. Church tradition and teaching should never contradict the Bible

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31

Sola fide translation

Faith alone

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32

Sola fide definition

Our response to God’s offer of salvation is to trust (’have faith’) in God’s promises. We don’t need to receive sacraments or participate in church rituals

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33

Cardinal

a leading dignitary of the Roman Catholic Church nominated by the pope

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34

Saint

a person acknowledged as holy or virtuous and regarded in Christian place as being in heaven after death

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35

Justification

the action of declaring or making righteous in the sight of God

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36

Transubstantiation

the change by which the substance of bread and wine becomes Christ’s real presence

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37

Christendom

the worldwide body or society of Christians

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38

Ex-communication

to be cut off from communication with a church

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39

Mass

the central act of worship of the Roman Catholic Church

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40

Heretic

a person who differs in opinion form established religious dogma

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41

The 95 Theses

detailed Luther’s opinions about the teachings of the Christian Scripture and practises of the Roman Catholic Church

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42

Sola Deo Gloria translation

God’s glory alone

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43

Sola Deo Gloria definition

the work/life was produced for the sake of celebrating God’s glory alone

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