Med Administration (abbreviations, conversions, terms)

what should you know before administering a medication as the nurse?

1)what meds are they currently taking?

2)do any meds interact?3)do they have allergies?

4)what physical assessments are needed before the med can be safely administered?

5)the nurse should know the purpose, mechanism, route, safe dosage range, side effects, adverse effects, toxic responses, recautions, and contraindictations before each med is administered

5 rights of administration

Right Patient

Right med

Right route

Right dosage

Right time

A medication order which continues until the prescriber has changed or discontinued the medication

Routine

in addition to the 5 rights, the circumstance of the administration is apart of the order

PRN (as needed)

ex. as needed for nausea

medication is given one time as directed by the prescriber

Single (one time)

medication is given once immediately

STAT

not as urgent prescription order; within 90 mins

NOW

a protocol based order to be administered in specific circumstances

Standing (order)

what are the 7 components of a prescription?

1) date and time written

2)patients name+dob

3)med name

4)dosage amount, time of admin, frequency+strength

5)route

6)dispensing instructions

7prescribers signature

Nursing Process: Assessment

objective+subjective data, determine if med and dosage is appropriate

Nursing Process: Planning

avoid distractions, calculate and measure dose precisely, check strength of med on hand. Verify and prioritize

Nursing Process: Implementation

5 rights, provide patient instructions and educate about the med to patient

Nursing Process: Evaluation

Identify and document the patients response to med

weight measurement+ conversion

pounds or kg

1kg=2.2lb

height measurement

inches+feet or centimeters/meters

Intake and output measurement+conversion

ounces or cups

1 cup=8oz

or

millileters(mL) or liters(L)

1L=1000mL

Med Dosages are usually measured in what units?

Teaspoons/tablespoons or mL

?mL in 1 tsp?

5mL

?mL in 1tbsp?

15mL

?mL in 1oz?

30mL

how many mL in 1 cup?

240mL

**1cup=8oz=240mL

?mcg in 1 mg?

1000mcg=1mg

?mg in 1g?

1000mg=1g

Convert these times to 24 Hour Clock

9:00a.m.

1:00 p.m.

7:30 p.m.

12:00a.m.

5:00a.m.

4:30p.m.

8:00p.m.

2:00a.m.

11:30p.m.

0900

1300

1930

0000

0500

1630

2000

0200

2330

98.6F in celcius?

37C

AC

before meals

PC

after meals

TID

three times a day

QID

four times a day

BID

twice a day

PO

by mouth

SL

sublingually

ID

intradermal

IM

intramuscular

SC

subcutaneous

q

every

OD vs OS

right eye vs left eye

OU

both

AD vs AS

right ear vs left ear

gtt

drop

can extended release medications be crushed?

NO

CD

controlled dose

CR

controlled release

CRT

controlled release tablet

LA

long acting

SA

sustained action

SR

sustained release

TR

Time release

TD

time delay

XL or XR

extended release

? Kg is 7 lb 5 oz?

3.3kg (7.3125lb)

Describe the role of prescriber, pharmacist, and nurse in medication orders+administrations.

Prescriber writes medication order and sends to pharmacy

Pharmacist prepares and distributes the medication

Nurses administer the med

What drugs must be locked and accounted for every shift?

Controlled substances

Tablet

if scored can be broken or split

enteric

coated tablet

Troche/lozenge

only to dissolve in mouth. should not be swallowed or crushed and swallowed.

Capsule

encased in a gelatin container. contains powder unless it is time release which will contain beads.

Can capsule meds be crushed?

No. But they may be opened

Caplet

tablet shaped like a capsule, may be easier to swallow

Liquid Medications should be used for what types of individuals

-those with feeding tubes

-those who cannot swallow pills (infants &children)

Name for med to dissolve under the toungue? The cheek? the mouth?

Sublingual (SL)

Buccal

Troche/lozenge

Elixer

contains water, alcohol, sweetener, medication

Syrup

contains water, concentrated sugar, and medication

Suspension

contains fine particles of medication which do not dissolve completely in water

what must be done prior to administration with a suspension liquid medication?

it must be shaken

Solution

medication is completely dissolved in either water or NS(0.9& sodium chloride)

what two things are used to most accurately draw up liquid meds?

Calibrated measuring cups & syringes

A liquid that reconstitutes a powdered medication

Diluent

what type of syringes should you use for 1) oral and 2)IV/injection

1) oral syringe

2)parental syringe (Luer-Lok)

what must be done immediately once a med is reconstituted?

must be labeled w dosage strength, date& time of ptrep, date&time of expiration, storage method, your initials

ID injects to?

the epidermis

SC injects to?

just below dermis to subcutaneous fat (above muscle)

acceptable sites for IM injection? Max amount of mL for IM injections?

ventrogluteal, vastus lateralis, and deltoid

1mL

PICC line

peripherally inserted central catheter- inserted in the upper arm threaded to superior vena cava

Central line via subclavian or jugular vein

inserted in the chest or neck, ends in superior vena cava

Peripheral IV

inserted into small veins in extremities

Insulin Injections: U-100 means how many units in each 1 mL?

100 units per 1mL

10mL vial of U-200 insulin contains how much units of insulin total?

2000 units

5mL vial of U-100 insulin contains how many units of insulin total?

500 units

Pediatric Fluid Requirements

first 10kg= 100mL/kg

second 10kg= 50mL/kg

remaining kg= 20mL/kg

What is priority when a medication error is discovered?

Assessment.

report after

A provider is writing a prescription for nitroglycerin PO. Which of the following dosages is written correctly?

.3

0.30

3/10

0.3

0.3

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which of the following client info should the nurse use to identify the client?

DOB (on band)

Full Name (on band)

Photo (on medical record)

Hospital room #

Medical Record # (on id band)

Dob, full name, photo, and medical record # can all be used.

A nurse is asked to administer a med to a patient because a coworker must help w an emergency. The coworker gives the nurse a syringe labeled furosemide 20 mg. The label also includes the patients name and id number. Which response is appropriate?

"ill go give the med right away"

"go w me to indentify the patient properly"

"you should ask the charge nurse"

" ill go help with the emergency situation while you adminster the med"

" ill go help with the emergency situation while you adminster the med"

**never give a med that you have not prepared yourself

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication. Which of the following forms of a med should the nurse instruct the client to swallow?

Sustained release capsule

Enteric coated tablet

Caplet

Troche

Sustained release capsule

Enteric coated tablet

Capletxf

how much medication is typically administered in an intradermal injection (ID)

usually less than 0.1mL

how much medication is typically administered in an subcutaneous injection (SC)

0.5-1mL

Preferred sight of IM injection for infants, toddlers, and children ?

Vastus laterlis muscle (thigh)