Primary Sources

PRIMARY SOURCES

Is immediate, first-hand accounts of a topic, from people who had a direct connection with it, which is original and unfiltered information.

Autobiographies

One account of a person's life written by that person.

Memoir

History or record composed from personal observation and experience. (La Revolucion Filipina by Apolinario Mabini)

Diary

a type of autobiographical writing which is a regularly kept record of the diarist's act and reflections

Personal letters

a type of informal composition that usually concerns personal matter and is sent from one individual to another.

Correspondences

a body of letter or communication.

Interviews

a conversation where questions are asked and answers are given.

Survey

a list of questions aimed of extracting specific data from a particular group of people.

Fieldworks/Field researches

the collection of information outside a laboratory, library, or workplace settings.

Photographs and posters

often considered primary sources because they can illustrate past events as they happened.

Work of art and Literature

examples include painting and drawing.

Speeches and oral histories

is a first-hand memory or an account from primary witnesses.

SECONDARY SOURCES

created by someone who was not a direct witness to an event, but who obtained descriptions of an event from someone else.

Bibliographies

an organized list of sources each of which is followed by a brief note or annotation.

Biographical Works

a description of a real person's life, including factual details as well as stories from the person's life (The Father of Philippines History)

Periodicals

Newspaper, Magazines, and journal.

Literature review and review of article

Examples are film reviews and book reviews.

RULES ON HOW TO VERIFY HISTORICAL SOURCES:

1. Time and place

2. Bias

Time and place

the closer in time of place a source and its creator were to an event in the oast, the better the source will be.

Bias

every source is biased in some ways. Documents tell us only what the creator of the document thought happened or perhaps only what the creator wants us to think happened. Therefore m, compare and analyze sources.