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22 Terms
1
Research Design
The framework for systematically planning and conducting a study to investigate specific questions or hypotheses.
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2
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals in the brain that transmit signals across synapses between neurons, influencing various psychological and physical functions.
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3
Visual Perception
The ability to interpret and make sense of visual stimuli, including recognizing shapes and objects.
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4
Observation Method
A research technique where behaviors are observed in their natural environment without direct interaction or manipulation.
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5
Behaviorism
A psychological perspective that focuses on observable behaviors as the main subject of study, emphasizing the role of the environment in shaping behavior.
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6
Cognitive Psychology
A branch of psychology that studies mental processes like perception, memory, language, and problem-solving.
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7
Case Study
An in-depth analysis of an individual or group, often used to explore unique or rare phenomena in psychology.
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8
Survey
A research method that uses questionnaires to gather data from a large number of respondents about their thoughts, attitudes, or behaviors.
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9
Dualism
The philosophical perspective that the mind and body are separate entities, each with its own properties and functions.
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10
Philosophy of Mind
The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of the mind, consciousness, and their relationship to the body.
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11
Functional Specialization
The concept that specific areas of the brain are responsible for particular functions or tasks.
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12
Hypothesis
A testable statement that predicts the relationship between variables in a study.
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13
Correlational Study
A research design that examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulation, allowing for the identification of associations.
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14
Operant Conditioning
A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.
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15
Scientific Framework
A structured approach to formulating and testing hypotheses using observation, experimentation, and evidence.
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16
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
A type of therapy that focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional well-being.
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17
Neural Correlates
Brain mechanisms that are associated with specific mental states or processes, used to understand how brain activity relates to behavior.
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18
Electrochemical Activity
The process by which neurons communicate through electrical impulses and chemicals, forming the basis of brain function.
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19
Observational Bias
A tendency for researchers' interpretations of observed data to be influenced by their expectations or beliefs.
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20
Sample Size
The number of subjects involved in a study, which can affect the validity and reliability of the research findings.
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21
Evolution of Psychology
The historical development of psychological theories and practices from early philosophical thought to contemporary scientific approaches.
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22
Critical Thinking
The process of actively analyzing, evaluating, and synthesizing information to form a reasoned judgment.