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Research Design

The framework for systematically planning and conducting a study to investigate specific questions or hypotheses.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals in the brain that transmit signals across synapses between neurons, influencing various psychological and physical functions.

Visual Perception

The ability to interpret and make sense of visual stimuli, including recognizing shapes and objects.

Observation Method

A research technique where behaviors are observed in their natural environment without direct interaction or manipulation.

Behaviorism

A psychological perspective that focuses on observable behaviors as the main subject of study, emphasizing the role of the environment in shaping behavior.

Cognitive Psychology

A branch of psychology that studies mental processes like perception, memory, language, and problem-solving.

Case Study

An in-depth analysis of an individual or group, often used to explore unique or rare phenomena in psychology.

Survey

A research method that uses questionnaires to gather data from a large number of respondents about their thoughts, attitudes, or behaviors.

Dualism

The philosophical perspective that the mind and body are separate entities, each with its own properties and functions.

Philosophy of Mind

The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of the mind, consciousness, and their relationship to the body.

Functional Specialization

The concept that specific areas of the brain are responsible for particular functions or tasks.

Hypothesis

A testable statement that predicts the relationship between variables in a study.

Correlational Study

A research design that examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulation, allowing for the identification of associations.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Scientific Framework

A structured approach to formulating and testing hypotheses using observation, experimentation, and evidence.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A type of therapy that focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional well-being.

Neural Correlates

Brain mechanisms that are associated with specific mental states or processes, used to understand how brain activity relates to behavior.

Electrochemical Activity

The process by which neurons communicate through electrical impulses and chemicals, forming the basis of brain function.

Observational Bias

A tendency for researchers' interpretations of observed data to be influenced by their expectations or beliefs.

Sample Size

The number of subjects involved in a study, which can affect the validity and reliability of the research findings.

Evolution of Psychology

The historical development of psychological theories and practices from early philosophical thought to contemporary scientific approaches.

Critical Thinking

The process of actively analyzing, evaluating, and synthesizing information to form a reasoned judgment.